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Changes between Version 4 and Version 5 of TracStandalone


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Timestamp:
01/14/19 00:01:55 (6 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracStandalone

    v4 v5  
    1 = Tracd =
     1= Tracd
    22
    33Tracd is a lightweight standalone Trac web server.
    44It can be used in a variety of situations, from a test or development server to a multiprocess setup behind another web server used as a load balancer.
    55
    6 == Pros ==
     6== Pros
    77
    88 * Fewer dependencies: You don't need to install apache or any other web-server.
    … …  
    1010 * Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in ''auto_reload'' mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin).
    1111
    12 == Cons ==
     12== Cons
    1313
    1414 * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache httpd.
    1515 * No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead,
    16    or [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy.
    17 
    18 == Usage examples ==
     16   or [trac:wiki:STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy.
     17
     18== Usage examples
    1919
    2020A single project on port 8080. (http://localhost:8080/)
    21 {{{
     21{{{#!sh
    2222 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project
    2323}}}
    24 Stricly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option.
    25 {{{
     24Strictly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use the `--hostname` option.
     25{{{#!sh
    2626 $ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project
    2727}}}
    2828With more than one project. (http://localhost:8080/project1/ and http://localhost:8080/project2/)
    29 {{{
     29{{{#!sh
    3030 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
    3131}}}
    … …  
    3535
    3636An alternative way to serve multiple projects is to specify a parent directory in which each subdirectory is a Trac project, using the `-e` option. The example above could be rewritten:
    37 {{{
     37{{{#!sh
    3838 $ tracd -p 8080 -e /path/to
    3939}}}
    4040
    41 To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use {{{CTRL-BREAK}}} -- using {{{CTRL-C}}} will leave a Python process running in the background.
    42 
    43 == Installing as a Windows Service ==
    44 
    45 === Option 1 ===
     41To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use `CTRL-BREAK` -- using `CTRL-C` will leave a Python process running in the background.
     42
     43== Installing as a Windows Service
     44
     45=== Option 1
    4646To install as a Windows service, get the [http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe SRVANY] utility and run:
    47 {{{
     47{{{#!cmd
    4848 C:\path\to\instsrv.exe tracd C:\path\to\srvany.exe
    4949 reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters /v Application /d "\"C:\path\to\python.exe\" \"C:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py\" <your tracd parameters>"
    … …  
    5454
    5555If you want tracd to start automatically when you boot Windows, do:
    56 {{{
     56{{{#!cmd
    5757 sc config tracd start= auto
    5858}}}
    … …  
    7474
    7575For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run:
    76 {{{
     76{{{#!cmd
    7777"C:\path\to\winserv.exe" install tracd -displayname "tracd" -start auto "C:\path\to\python.exe" c:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py <your tracd parameters>"
    78 
    7978net start tracd
    8079}}}
    8180
    82 === Option 2 ===
     81=== Option 2
    8382
    8483Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service.
    8584
    86 === Option 3 ===
     85=== Option 3
    8786
    8887also cygwin's cygrunsrv.exe can be used:
    89 {{{
     88{{{#!sh
    9089$ cygrunsrv --install tracd --path /cygdrive/c/Python27/Scripts/tracd.exe --args '--port 8000 --env-parent-dir E:\IssueTrackers\Trac\Projects'
    9190$ net start tracd
    9291}}}
    9392
    94 == Using Authentication ==
    95 
    96 Tracd allows you to run Trac without the need for Apache, but you can take advantage of Apache's password tools (htpasswd and htdigest) to easily create a password file in the proper format for tracd to use in authentication. (It is also possible to create the password file without htpasswd or htdigest; see below for alternatives)
     93== Using Authentication
     94
     95Tracd allows you to run Trac without the need for Apache, but you can take advantage of Apache's password tools (`htpasswd` and `htdigest`) to easily create a password file in the proper format for tracd to use in authentication. (It is also possible to create the password file without `htpasswd` or `htdigest`; see below for alternatives)
     96
     97{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     98**Attention:** Make sure you place the generated password files on a filesystem which supports sub-second timestamps, as Trac will monitor their modified time and changes happening on a filesystem with too coarse-grained timestamp resolution (like `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux, or HFS+ on OSX).
     99}}}
    97100
    98101Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. Digest is considered more secure. The examples below use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the command line.
    99102
    100103The general format for using authentication is:
    101 {{{
     104{{{#!sh
    102105 $ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path
    103106}}}
    … …  
    115118Examples:
    116119
    117 {{{
     120{{{#!sh
    118121 $ tracd -p 8080 \
    119122   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" /path/to/project1
    … …  
    121124
    122125Of course, the password file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project:
    123 {{{
     126{{{#!sh
    124127 $ tracd -p 8080 \
    125128   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \
    … …  
    129132
    130133Another way to share the password file is to specify "*" for the project name:
    131 {{{
     134{{{#!sh
    132135 $ tracd -p 8080 \
    133136   --auth="*,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com" \
    … …  
    135138}}}
    136139
    137 === Basic Authorization: Using a htpasswd password file ===
     140=== Basic Authorization: Using a htpasswd password file
    138141This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files.
    139142
    140   Note: It is necessary (at least with Python 2.6) to install the fcrypt package in order to
    141   decode some htpasswd formats.  Trac source code attempt an `import crypt` first, but there
    142   is no such package for Python 2.6. Only `SHA-1` passwords (since Trac 1.0) work without this module.
     143  Note: On Windows It is necessary to install the fcrypt package in order to
     144  decode some htpasswd formats. Only `SHA-1` passwords (since Trac 1.0) work
     145  without this module.
    143146
    144147To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache):
    145 {{{
     148{{{#!sh
    146149 $ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username
    147150}}}
    148151then for additional users:
    149 {{{
     152{{{#!sh
    150153 $ sudo htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2
    151154}}}
    152155
    153156Then to start `tracd` run something like this:
    154 {{{
    155  $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="projectdirname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /fullpath/environmentname
     157{{{#!sh
     158 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="project,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /path/to/project
    156159}}}
    157160
    158161For example:
    159 {{{
    160  $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="testenv,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /srv/tracenv/testenv
     162{{{#!sh
     163 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="project,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /path/to/project
    161164}}}
    162165''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD).
    163166
    164 === Digest authentication: Using a htdigest password file ===
     167=== Digest authentication: Using a htdigest password file
    165168
    166169If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions.  You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create.  For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file.
    … …  
    168171Note that you can start tracd without the `--auth` argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error.
    169172
    170 === Generating Passwords Without Apache ===
    171 
    172 Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [http://aspirine.org/htpasswd_en.html online HTTP Password generator] which also supports `SHA-1`.  Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system. Note that Windows Python lacks the "crypt" module that is the default hash type for htpasswd ; Windows Python can grok MD5 password hashes just fine and you should use MD5.
    173 
    174 You can use this simple Python script to generate a '''digest''' password file:
    175 
    176 {{{
    177 #!python
    178 from optparse import OptionParser
    179 # The md5 module is deprecated in Python 2.5
    180 try:
    181     from hashlib import md5
    182 except ImportError:
    183     from md5 import md5
    184 realm = 'trac'
    185 
    186 # build the options
    187 usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
    188 parser = OptionParser(usage=usage)
    189 parser.add_option("-u", "--username",action="store", dest="username", type = "string",
    190                   help="the username for whom to generate a password")
    191 parser.add_option("-p", "--password",action="store", dest="password", type = "string",
    192                   help="the password to use")
    193 parser.add_option("-r", "--realm",action="store", dest="realm", type = "string",
    194                   help="the realm in which to create the digest")
    195 (options, args) = parser.parse_args()
    196 
    197 # check options
    198 if (options.username is None) or (options.password is None):
    199    parser.error("You must supply both the username and password")
    200 if (options.realm is not None):
    201    realm = options.realm
    202    
    203 # Generate the string to enter into the htdigest file
    204 kd = lambda x: md5(':'.join(x)).hexdigest()
    205 print ':'.join((options.username, realm, kd([options.username, realm, options.password])))
    206 }}}
    207 
    208 Note: If you use the above script you must set the realm in the `--auth` argument to '''`trac`'''. Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py):
    209 
    210 {{{
    211  $ python trac-digest.py -u username -p password >> c:\digest.txt
    212  $ tracd --port 8000 --auth=proj_name,c:\digest.txt,trac c:\path\to\proj_name
     173=== Generating Passwords Without Apache
     174
     175Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [http://aspirine.org/htpasswd_en.html online HTTP Password generator] which also supports `SHA-1`.  Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system. Note that Windows Python lacks the "crypt" module that is the default hash type for htpasswd. Windows Python can grok MD5 password hashes just fine and you should use MD5.
     176
     177Trac also provides `htpasswd` and `htdigest` scripts in `contrib`:
     178{{{#!sh
     179$ ./contrib/htpasswd.py -cb htpasswd user1 user1
     180$ ./contrib/htpasswd.py -b htpasswd user2 user2
     181}}}
     182
     183{{{#!sh
     184$ ./contrib/htdigest.py -cb htdigest trac user1 user1
     185$ ./contrib/htdigest.py -b htdigest trac user2 user2
    213186}}}
    214187
    215188==== Using `md5sum`
    216189It is possible to use `md5sum` utility to generate digest-password file:
    217 {{{
     190{{{#!sh
    218191user=
    219192realm=
    … …  
    223196}}}
    224197
    225 == Reference ==
     198== Reference
    226199
    227200Here's the online help, as a reminder (`tracd --help`):
    … …  
    259232Use the -d option so that tracd doesn't hang if you close the terminal window where tracd was started.
    260233
    261 == Tips ==
    262 
    263 === Serving static content ===
     234== Tips
     235
     236=== Serving static content
    264237
    265238If `tracd` is the only web server used for the project,
    … …  
    272245Example: given a `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs/software-0.1.tar.gz` file,
    273246the corresponding relative URL would be `/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz`,
    274 which in turn can be written as `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz` (TracLinks syntax) or `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` (relative link syntax).
    275 
    276  ''Support for `htdocs:` TracLinks syntax was added in version 0.10''
     247which in turn can be written as `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz` (TracLinks syntax) or `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` (relative link syntax).
    277248
    278249=== Using tracd behind a proxy
    … …  
    287258
    288259=== Authentication for tracd behind a proxy
    289 It is convenient to provide central external authentication to your tracd instances, instead of using {{{--basic-auth}}}. There is some discussion about this in #9206.
     260It is convenient to provide central external authentication to your tracd instances, instead of using `--basic-auth`. There is some discussion about this in [trac:#9206].
    290261
    291262Below is example configuration based on Apache 2.2, mod_proxy, mod_authnz_ldap.
    … …  
    293264First we bring tracd into Apache's location namespace.
    294265
    295 {{{
     266{{{#!apache
    296267<Location /project/proxified>
    297268        Require ldap-group cn=somegroup, ou=Groups,dc=domain.com
    … …  
    304275
    305276Then we need a single file plugin to recognize HTTP_REMOTE_USER header as valid authentication source. HTTP headers like '''HTTP_FOO_BAR''' will get converted to '''Foo-Bar''' during processing. Name it something like '''remote-user-auth.py''' and drop it into '''proxified/plugins''' directory:
    306 {{{
    307 #!python
     277{{{#!python
    308278from trac.core import *
    309279from trac.config import BoolOption
    … …  
    326296
    327297Add this new parameter to your TracIni:
    328 {{{
    329 ...
     298{{{#!ini
    330299[trac]
    331300...
    … …  
    335304
    336305Run tracd:
    337 {{{
    338 tracd -p 8101 -r -s proxified --base-path=/project/proxified
     306{{{#!sh
     307tracd -p 8101 -s proxified --base-path=/project/proxified
    339308}}}
    340309
    … …  
    342311
    343312Global config (e.g. `/srv/trac/conf/trac.ini`):
    344 {{{
     313{{{#!ini
    345314[components]
    346315remote-user-auth.* = enabled
    … …  
    352321
    353322Environment config (e.g. `/srv/trac/envs/myenv`):
    354 {{{
     323{{{#!ini
    355324[inherit]
    356325file = /srv/trac/conf/trac.ini
    357326}}}
    358327
    359 === Serving a different base path than / ===
     328=== Serving a different base path than /
    360329Tracd supports serving projects with different base urls than /<project>. The parameter name to change this is
    361 {{{
     330{{{#!sh
    362331 $ tracd --base-path=/some/path
    363332}}}