1 | #region License Information
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2 | /* HeuristicLab
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3 | * Copyright (C) 2002-2016 Heuristic and Evolutionary Algorithms Laboratory (HEAL)
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4 | *
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5 | * This file is part of HeuristicLab.
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6 | *
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7 | * HeuristicLab is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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8 | * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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9 | * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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10 | * (at your option) any later version.
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11 | *
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12 | * HeuristicLab is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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13 | * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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14 | * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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15 | * GNU General Public License for more details.
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16 | *
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17 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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18 | * along with HeuristicLab. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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19 | */
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20 | #endregion
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21 |
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22 | using System;
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23 | using System.Linq;
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24 | using System.Security.Cryptography;
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25 | using HeuristicLab.Common;
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26 | using HeuristicLab.Core;
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27 | using HeuristicLab.Data;
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28 | using HeuristicLab.Encodings.BinaryVectorEncoding;
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29 | using HeuristicLab.Parameters;
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30 | using HeuristicLab.Persistence;
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31 | using HeuristicLab.PluginInfrastructure;
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32 | using HeuristicLab.Problems.Binary;
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33 | using HeuristicLab.Random;
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34 |
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35 | namespace HeuristicLab.Problems.NK {
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36 | [Item("NK Landscape", "Represents an NK landscape optimization problem.")]
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37 | [Creatable(CreatableAttribute.Categories.CombinatorialProblems, Priority = 215)]
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38 | [StorableType("9a4c98c5-a3cc-4cb7-b43e-ade17913c90d")]
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39 | public sealed class NKLandscape : BinaryProblem {
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40 | public override bool Maximization {
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41 | get { return false; }
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42 | }
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43 |
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44 | #region Parameters
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45 | public IValueParameter<BoolMatrix> GeneInteractionsParameter {
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46 | get { return (IValueParameter<BoolMatrix>)Parameters["GeneInteractions"]; }
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47 | }
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48 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> SeedParameter {
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49 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["ProblemSeed"]; }
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50 | }
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51 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> InteractionSeedParameter {
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52 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["InteractionSeed"]; }
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53 | }
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54 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> NrOfInteractionsParameter {
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55 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["NrOfInteractions"]; }
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56 | }
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57 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter {
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58 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["NrOfFitnessComponents"]; }
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59 | }
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60 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> QParameter {
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61 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["Q"]; }
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62 | }
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63 | public IValueParameter<DoubleValue> PParameter {
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64 | get { return (IValueParameter<DoubleValue>)Parameters["P"]; }
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65 | }
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66 | public IValueParameter<DoubleArray> WeightsParameter {
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67 | get { return (IValueParameter<DoubleArray>)Parameters["Weights"]; }
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68 | }
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69 | public IConstrainedValueParameter<IInteractionInitializer> InteractionInitializerParameter {
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70 | get { return (IConstrainedValueParameter<IInteractionInitializer>)Parameters["InteractionInitializer"]; }
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71 | }
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72 | public IConstrainedValueParameter<IWeightsInitializer> WeightsInitializerParameter {
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73 | get { return (IConstrainedValueParameter<IWeightsInitializer>)Parameters["WeightsInitializer"]; }
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74 | }
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75 | #endregion
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76 |
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77 | #region Properties
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78 | public IInteractionInitializer InteractionInitializer {
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79 | get { return InteractionInitializerParameter.Value; }
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80 | }
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81 | public BoolMatrix GeneInteractions {
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82 | get { return GeneInteractionsParameter.Value; }
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83 | }
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84 | public DoubleArray Weights {
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85 | get { return WeightsParameter.Value; }
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86 | }
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87 | public IntValue InteractionSeed {
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88 | get { return InteractionSeedParameter.Value; }
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89 | }
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90 | public IntValue NrOfFitnessComponents {
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91 | get { return NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.Value; }
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92 | }
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93 | public IntValue NrOfInteractions {
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94 | get { return NrOfInteractionsParameter.Value; }
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95 | }
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96 | public IWeightsInitializer WeightsInitializer {
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97 | get { return WeightsInitializerParameter.Value; }
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98 | }
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99 | public int Q {
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100 | get { return QParameter.Value.Value; }
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101 | }
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102 | public double P {
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103 | get { return PParameter.Value.Value; }
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104 | }
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105 | public IntValue Seed {
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106 | get { return SeedParameter.Value; }
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107 | }
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108 | #endregion
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109 |
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110 | [Storable]
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111 | private MersenneTwister random;
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112 |
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113 | [ThreadStatic]
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114 | private static HashAlgorithm hashAlgorithm;
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115 |
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116 | [ThreadStatic]
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117 | private static HashAlgorithm hashAlgorithmP;
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118 |
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119 | private static HashAlgorithm HashAlgorithm {
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120 | get {
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121 | if (hashAlgorithm == null) {
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122 | hashAlgorithm = HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5");
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123 | }
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124 | return hashAlgorithm;
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125 | }
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126 | }
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127 |
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128 | private static HashAlgorithm HashAlgorithmP {
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129 | get {
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130 | if (hashAlgorithmP == null) {
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131 | hashAlgorithmP = HashAlgorithm.Create("SHA1");
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132 | }
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133 | return hashAlgorithmP;
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134 | }
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135 | }
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136 |
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137 | [StorableConstructor]
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138 | private NKLandscape(bool deserializing) : base(deserializing) { }
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139 | private NKLandscape(NKLandscape original, Cloner cloner)
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140 | : base(original, cloner) {
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141 | random = (MersenneTwister)original.random.Clone(cloner);
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142 | RegisterEventHandlers();
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143 | }
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144 | public NKLandscape()
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145 | : base() {
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146 | random = new MersenneTwister();
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147 |
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148 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<BoolMatrix>("GeneInteractions", "Every column gives the participating genes for each fitness component."));
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149 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("ProblemSeed", "The seed used for the random number generator.", new IntValue(0)));
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150 | random.Reset(Seed.Value);
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151 |
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152 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("InteractionSeed", "The seed used for the hash function to generate interaction tables.", new IntValue(random.Next())));
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153 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("NrOfFitnessComponents", "Number of fitness component functions. (nr of columns in the interaction column)", new IntValue(10)));
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154 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("NrOfInteractions", "Number of genes interacting with each other. (nr of True values per column in the interaction matrix)", new IntValue(3)));
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155 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("Q", "Number of allowed fitness values in the (virutal) random table, or zero.", new IntValue(0)));
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156 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<DoubleValue>("P", "Probability of any entry in the (virtual) random table being zero.", new DoubleValue(0)));
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157 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<DoubleArray>("Weights", "The weights for the component functions. If shorted, will be repeated.", new DoubleArray(new[] { 1.0 })));
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158 | Parameters.Add(new ConstrainedValueParameter<IInteractionInitializer>("InteractionInitializer", "Initialize interactions within the component functions."));
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159 | Parameters.Add(new ConstrainedValueParameter<IWeightsInitializer>("WeightsInitializer", "Operator to initialize the weights distribution."));
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160 |
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161 | //allow just the standard NK[P,Q] formulations at the moment
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162 | WeightsParameter.Hidden = true;
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163 | InteractionInitializerParameter.Hidden = true;
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164 | WeightsInitializerParameter.Hidden = true;
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165 | EncodingParameter.Hidden = true;
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166 |
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167 | InitializeInteractionInitializerParameter();
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168 | InitializeWeightsInitializerParameter();
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169 |
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170 | InitializeOperators();
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171 | InitializeInteractions();
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172 | RegisterEventHandlers();
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173 | }
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174 |
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175 | private void InitializeInteractionInitializerParameter() {
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176 | foreach (var initializer in ApplicationManager.Manager.GetInstances<IInteractionInitializer>())
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177 | InteractionInitializerParameter.ValidValues.Add(initializer);
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178 | InteractionInitializerParameter.Value = InteractionInitializerParameter.ValidValues.First(v => v is RandomInteractionsInitializer);
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179 | }
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180 |
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181 | private void InitializeWeightsInitializerParameter() {
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182 | foreach (var initializer in ApplicationManager.Manager.GetInstances<IWeightsInitializer>())
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183 | WeightsInitializerParameter.ValidValues.Add(initializer);
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184 | WeightsInitializerParameter.Value = WeightsInitializerParameter.ValidValues.First(v => v is EqualWeightsInitializer);
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185 | }
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186 |
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187 | public override IDeepCloneable Clone(Cloner cloner) {
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188 | return new NKLandscape(this, cloner);
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189 | }
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190 |
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191 | [StorableHook(HookType.AfterDeserialization)]
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192 | private void AfterDeserialization() {
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193 | RegisterEventHandlers();
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194 | }
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195 |
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196 | private void RegisterEventHandlers() {
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197 | NrOfInteractionsParameter.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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198 | NrOfInteractionsParameter.Value.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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199 | NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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200 | NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.Value.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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201 | InteractionInitializerParameter.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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202 | WeightsInitializerParameter.ValueChanged += WeightsInitializerParameter_ValueChanged;
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203 | SeedParameter.ValueChanged += SeedParameter_ValueChanged;
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204 | SeedParameter.Value.ValueChanged += SeedParameter_ValueChanged;
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205 |
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206 | RegisterInteractionInitializerParameterEvents();
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207 | RegisterWeightsParameterEvents();
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208 | }
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209 |
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210 | private void RegisterWeightsParameterEvents() {
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211 | foreach (var vv in WeightsInitializerParameter.ValidValues) {
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212 | foreach (var p in vv.Parameters) {
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213 | if (p.ActualValue != null && p.ActualValue is IStringConvertibleValue) {
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214 | var v = (IStringConvertibleValue)p.ActualValue;
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215 | v.ValueChanged += WeightsInitializerParameter_ValueChanged;
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216 | }
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217 | }
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218 | }
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219 | }
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220 |
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221 | private void RegisterInteractionInitializerParameterEvents() {
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222 | foreach (var vv in InteractionInitializerParameter.ValidValues) {
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223 | foreach (var p in vv.Parameters) {
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224 | if (p.ActualValue != null && p.ActualValue is IStringConvertibleValue) {
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225 | var v = (IStringConvertibleValue)p.ActualValue;
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226 | v.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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227 | } else if (p.ActualValue != null && p is IConstrainedValueParameter<IBinaryVectorComparer>) {
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228 | ((IConstrainedValueParameter<IBinaryVectorComparer>)p).ValueChanged +=
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229 | InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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230 | }
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231 | }
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232 | }
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233 | }
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234 |
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235 | protected override void LengthParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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236 | NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.Value = new IntValue(Length);
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237 | }
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238 |
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239 | private void SeedParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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240 | random.Reset(Seed.Value);
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241 | InteractionSeed.Value = random.Next();
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242 | InitializeInteractions();
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243 | }
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244 |
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245 | private void WeightsInitializerParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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246 | InitializeWeights();
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247 | }
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248 |
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249 | private void InteractionParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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250 | InitializeInteractions();
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251 | }
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252 |
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253 | private void InitializeOperators() {
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254 | NKBitFlipMoveEvaluator nkEvaluator = new NKBitFlipMoveEvaluator();
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255 | Encoding.ConfigureOperator(nkEvaluator);
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256 | Operators.Add(nkEvaluator);
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257 | }
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258 |
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259 | private void InitializeInteractions() {
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260 | if (InteractionInitializer != null)
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261 | GeneInteractionsParameter.Value = InteractionInitializer.InitializeInterations(
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262 | Length,
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263 | NrOfFitnessComponents.Value,
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264 | NrOfInteractions.Value, random);
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265 | }
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266 |
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267 | private void InitializeWeights() {
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268 | if (WeightsInitializerParameter.Value != null)
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269 | WeightsParameter.Value = new DoubleArray(
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270 | WeightsInitializer.GetWeights(NrOfFitnessComponents.Value)
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271 | .ToArray());
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272 | }
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273 |
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274 | #region Evaluation function
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275 | private static long Hash(long x, HashAlgorithm hashAlg) {
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276 | return BitConverter.ToInt64(hashAlg.ComputeHash(BitConverter.GetBytes(x), 0, 8), 0);
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277 | }
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278 |
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279 | public static double F_i(long x, long i, long g_i, long seed, int q, double p) {
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280 | var hash = new Func<long, long>(y => Hash(y, HashAlgorithm));
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281 | var fi = Math.Abs((double)hash((x & g_i) ^ hash(g_i ^ hash(i ^ seed)))) / long.MaxValue;
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282 | if (q > 0) { fi = Math.Round(fi * q) / q; }
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283 | if (p > 0) {
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284 | hash = y => Hash(y, HashAlgorithmP);
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285 | var r = Math.Abs((double)hash((x & g_i) ^ hash(g_i ^ hash(i ^ seed)))) / long.MaxValue;
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286 | fi = (r <= p) ? 0 : fi;
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287 | }
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288 | return fi;
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289 | }
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290 |
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291 | private static double F(long x, long[] g, double[] w, long seed, ref double[] f_i, int q, double p) {
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292 | double value = 0;
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293 | for (int i = 0; i < g.Length; i++) {
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294 | f_i[i] = F_i(x, i, g[i], seed, q, p);
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295 | value += w[i % w.Length] * f_i[i];
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296 | }
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297 | return value;
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298 | }
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299 |
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300 | public static long Encode(BinaryVector v) {
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301 | long x = 0;
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302 | for (int i = 0; i < 64 && i < v.Length; i++) {
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303 | x |= (v[i] ? (long)1 : (long)0) << i;
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304 | }
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305 | return x;
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306 | }
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307 |
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308 | public static long[] Encode(BoolMatrix m) {
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309 | long[] x = new long[m.Columns];
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310 | for (int c = 0; c < m.Columns; c++) {
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311 | x[c] = 0;
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312 | for (int r = 0; r < 64 && r < m.Rows; r++) {
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313 | x[c] |= (m[r, c] ? (long)1 : (long)0) << r;
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314 | }
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315 | }
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316 | return x;
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317 | }
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318 |
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319 | public static double[] Normalize(DoubleArray weights) {
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320 | double sum = 0;
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321 | double[] w = new double[weights.Length];
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322 | foreach (var v in weights) {
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323 | sum += Math.Abs(v);
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324 | }
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325 | for (int i = 0; i < weights.Length; i++) {
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326 | w[i] = Math.Abs(weights[i]) / sum;
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327 | }
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328 | return w;
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329 | }
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330 |
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331 | public static double Evaluate(BinaryVector vector, BoolMatrix interactions, DoubleArray weights, int seed, out double[] f_i, int q, double p) {
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332 | long x = Encode(vector);
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333 | long[] g = Encode(interactions);
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334 | double[] w = Normalize(weights);
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335 | f_i = new double[interactions.Columns];
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336 | return F(x, g, w, (long)seed, ref f_i, q, p);
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337 | }
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338 |
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339 | public override double Evaluate(BinaryVector vector, IRandom random) {
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340 | double[] f_i; //useful for debugging
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341 | double quality = Evaluate(vector, GeneInteractions, Weights, InteractionSeed.Value, out f_i, Q, P);
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342 | return quality;
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343 | }
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344 | #endregion
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345 | }
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346 | }
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