source: branches/3136_Structural_GP/HeuristicLab.Problems.DataAnalysis.Symbolic/3.4/StructureTemplate/StructureTemplate.cs @ 18188

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using HEAL.Attic;
using HeuristicLab.Common;
using HeuristicLab.Core;
using HeuristicLab.Encodings.SymbolicExpressionTreeEncoding;

namespace HeuristicLab.Problems.DataAnalysis.Symbolic {
  [StorableType("E3C038DB-C6AA-457D-9F65-AF16C44CCE22")]
  [Item("StructureTemplate", "Structure Template")]
  public class StructureTemplate : Item {

    #region Properties
    [Storable]
    private string template;
    public string Template {
      get => template;
      set {
        if (value == template) return;

        template = value;
        var parsedTree = Parser.Parse(template);
        if (applyLinearScaling)
          parsedTree = AddLinearScalingTerms(parsedTree);
        Tree = parsedTree;
        OnChanged();
      }
    }

    private ISymbolicExpressionTree _oldTree;
    [Storable(OldName = "treeWithoutLinearScaling")]
    private ISymbolicExpressionTree _OldTreeW {
      set => _oldTree = value;
    }

    [Storable]
    private ISymbolicExpressionTree tree;
    public ISymbolicExpressionTree Tree {
      get => tree;
      private set {
        tree = value;

        var newFunctions = GetSubFunctions();
        var oldFunctions = subFunctions?.Intersect(newFunctions)
                           ?? Enumerable.Empty<SubFunction>();
        // adds new functions and keeps the old ones (if they match)
        subFunctions = newFunctions.Except(oldFunctions).Concat(oldFunctions).ToList();
      }
    }

    [Storable]
    private IList<SubFunction> subFunctions = new List<SubFunction>();
    public IEnumerable<SubFunction> SubFunctions => subFunctions;

    [Storable]
    private bool applyLinearScaling;
    public bool ApplyLinearScaling {
      get => applyLinearScaling;
      set {
        if (value == applyLinearScaling) return;

        applyLinearScaling = value;
        if (applyLinearScaling) Tree = AddLinearScalingTerms(Tree);
        else Tree = RemoveLinearScalingTerms(Tree);

        OnChanged();
      }
    }

    protected InfixExpressionParser Parser { get; set; } = new InfixExpressionParser();

    #endregion

    #region Events
    public event EventHandler Changed;

    private void OnChanged() => Changed?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    #endregion

    #region Constructors
    public StructureTemplate() {
      Reset();
    }

    [StorableConstructor]
    protected StructureTemplate(StorableConstructorFlag _) : base(_) { }

    protected StructureTemplate(StructureTemplate original, Cloner cloner) : base(original, cloner) {
      this.tree = cloner.Clone(original.tree);
      this.template = original.Template;
      this.applyLinearScaling = original.ApplyLinearScaling;
      this.subFunctions = original.subFunctions.Select(cloner.Clone).ToList();
      RegisterEventHandlers();
    }


    [StorableHook(HookType.AfterDeserialization)]
    private void AfterDeserialization() {
      if (Tree == null && _oldTree != null) {
        if (ApplyLinearScaling) _oldTree = AddLinearScalingTerms(_oldTree);
        Tree = _oldTree;
        _oldTree = null;
      }

      RegisterEventHandlers();
    }
    #endregion

    #region Cloning
    public override IDeepCloneable Clone(Cloner cloner) =>
      new StructureTemplate(this, cloner);
    #endregion

    public void Reset() {
      subFunctions = new List<SubFunction>();
      tree = null;
      Template = "f(_)";
    }

    private IList<SubFunction> GetSubFunctions() {
      var subFunctions = new List<SubFunction>();
      foreach (var node in Tree.IterateNodesPrefix())
        if (node is SubFunctionTreeNode subFunctionTreeNode) {
          if (!subFunctionTreeNode.Arguments.Any())
            throw new ArgumentException($"The sub-function '{subFunctionTreeNode}' requires inputs (e.g. {subFunctionTreeNode.Name}(var1, var2)).");

          var existingSubFunction = subFunctions.Where(x => x.Name == subFunctionTreeNode.Name).FirstOrDefault();
          if (existingSubFunction != null) {
            // an existing subFunction must have the same signature
            if (!existingSubFunction.Arguments.SequenceEqual(subFunctionTreeNode.Arguments))
              throw new ArgumentException(
                $"The sub-function '{existingSubFunction.Name}' has (at least two) different signatures " +
                $"({existingSubFunction.Name}({string.Join(",", existingSubFunction.Arguments)}) <> " +
                $"{subFunctionTreeNode.Name}({string.Join(",", subFunctionTreeNode.Arguments)})).");
          } else {
            var subFunction = new SubFunction() {
              Name = subFunctionTreeNode.Name,
              Arguments = subFunctionTreeNode.Arguments
            };
            subFunction.Changed += OnSubFunctionChanged;
            subFunctions.Add(subFunction);
          }
        }
      return subFunctions;
    }

    private void RegisterEventHandlers() {
      foreach (var sf in SubFunctions) {
        sf.Changed += OnSubFunctionChanged;
      }
    }

    private static ISymbolicExpressionTree AddLinearScalingTerms(ISymbolicExpressionTree tree) {
      var clonedTree = (ISymbolicExpressionTree)tree.Clone();
      var startNode = clonedTree.Root.Subtrees.First();
      var template = startNode.Subtrees.First();

      var addNode = new Addition().CreateTreeNode();
      var mulNode = new Multiplication().CreateTreeNode();
      var offsetNode = new NumberTreeNode(0.0);
      var scaleNode = new NumberTreeNode(1.0);

      addNode.AddSubtree(offsetNode);
      addNode.AddSubtree(mulNode);
      mulNode.AddSubtree(scaleNode);

      startNode.RemoveSubtree(0);
      startNode.AddSubtree(addNode);
      mulNode.AddSubtree(template);
      return clonedTree;
    }

    private static ISymbolicExpressionTree RemoveLinearScalingTerms(ISymbolicExpressionTree tree) {
      var clonedTree = (ISymbolicExpressionTree)tree.Clone();
      var startNode = clonedTree.Root.Subtrees.First();

      //check for scaling terms
      var addNode = startNode.GetSubtree(0);
      var offsetNode = addNode.GetSubtree(0);
      var mulNode = addNode.GetSubtree(1);
      var scaleNode = mulNode.GetSubtree(0);
      var templateNode = mulNode.GetSubtree(1);

      var error = false;
      if (addNode.Symbol is not Addition) error = true;
      if (mulNode.Symbol is not Multiplication) error = true;
      if (offsetNode is not NumberTreeNode offset || offset.Value != 0.0) error = true;
      if (scaleNode is not NumberTreeNode scale || scale.Value != 1.0) error = true;
      if (error) throw new ArgumentException("Scaling terms cannot be found.");

      startNode.RemoveSubtree(0);
      startNode.AddSubtree(templateNode);

      return clonedTree;
    }

    private void OnSubFunctionChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) => OnChanged();
  }
}