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source: branches/PersistenceReintegration/HeuristicLab.ExtLibs/HeuristicLab.ProtobufCS/3.5.0/HeuristicLab.ProtobufCS/Google.Protobuf Changes-3.5.0.txt @ 15501

Last change on this file since 15501 was 15501, checked in by jkarder, 6 years ago

#2520: added protobuf version 3.5.0 and changed proto definition

File size: 82.4 KB
Line 
12017-11-13 version 3.5.0 (C++/Java/Python/PHP/Objective-C/C#/Ruby/JavaScript)
2  Planned Future Changes
3  * Make C++ implementation C++11 only: we plan to require C++11 to build
4    protobuf code starting from 3.6.0 release. Please join this github issue:
5    https://github.com/google/protobuf/issues/2780 to provide your feedback.
6
7  General
8  * Unknown fields are now preserved in proto3 for most of the language
9    implementations for proto3 by default. See the per-language section for
10    details.
11  * reserve keyword are now supported in enums
12
13  C++
14  * Proto3 messages are now preserving unknown fields by default. If you rely on
15    unknowns fields being dropped. Please use DiscardUnknownFields() explicitly.
16  * Deprecated the unsafe_arena_release_* and unsafe_arena_add_allocated_*
17    methods for string fields.
18  * Added move constructor and move assignment to RepeatedField,
19    RepeatedPtrField and google::protobuf::Any.
20  * Added perfect forwarding in Arena::CreateMessage
21  * In-progress experimental support for implicit weak fields with lite protos.
22    This feature allows the linker to strip out more unused messages and reduce
23    binary size.
24  * Various performance optimizations.
25
26  Java
27  * Proto3 messages are now preserving unknown fields by default. If you’d like
28    to drop unknown fields, please use the DiscardUnknownFieldsParser API. For
29    example:
30      Parser<Foo> parser = DiscardUnknownFieldsParser.wrap(Foo.parser());
31      Foo foo = parser.parseFrom(input);
32  * Added a new CodedInputStream decoder for Iterable<ByteBuffer> with direct
33    ByteBuffers.
34  * TextFormat now prints unknown length-delimited fields as messages if
35    possible.
36  * FieldMaskUtil.merge() no longer creates unnecessary empty messages when a
37    message field is unset in both source message and destination message.
38  * Various performance optimizations.
39
40  Python
41  * Proto3 messages are now preserving unknown fields by default. Use
42    message.DiscardUnknownFields() to drop unknown fields.
43  * Add FieldDescriptor.file in generated code.
44  * Add descriptor pool FindOneofByName in pure python.
45  * Change unknown enum values into unknown field set .
46  * Add more Python dict/list compatibility for Struct/ListValue.
47  * Add utf-8 support for text_format.Merge()/Parse().
48  * Support numeric unknown enum values for proto3 JSON format.
49  * Add warning for Unexpected end-group tag in cpp extension.
50
51  PHP
52  * Proto3 messages are now preserving unknown fields.
53  * Provide well known type messages in runtime.
54  * Add prefix ‘PB’ to generated class of reserved names.
55  * Fixed all conformance tests for encode/decode json in php runtime. C
56    extension needs more work.
57
58  Objective-C
59  * Fixed some issues around copying of messages with unknown fields and then
60    mutating the unknown fields in the copy.
61
62  C#
63  * Added unknown field support in JsonParser.
64  * Fixed oneof message field merge.
65  * Simplify parsing messages from array slices.
66
67  Ruby
68  * Unknown fields are now preserved by default.
69  * Fixed several bugs for segment fault.
70
71  Javascript
72  * Decoder can handle both paced and unpacked data no matter how the proto is
73    defined.
74  * Decoder now accept long varint for 32 bit integers.
75
76
772017-08-14 version 3.4.0 (C++/Java/Python/PHP/Objective-C/C#/Ruby/JavaScript)
78  Planned Future Changes
79  * There are some changes that are not included in this release but are planned
80    for the near future
81      - Preserve unknown fields in proto3: We are going to bring unknown fields
82        back into proto3. In this release, some languages start to support
83        preserving unknown fields in proto3, controlled by flags/options. Some
84        languages also introduce explicit APIs to drop unknown fields for
85        migration. Please read the change log sections by languages for details.
86        For general timeline and plan:
87
88          https://docs.google.com/document/d/1KMRX-G91Aa-Y2FkEaHeeviLRRNblgIahbsk4wA14gRk/view
89
90        For issues and discussions:
91
92          https://github.com/google/protobuf/issues/272
93
94      - Make C++ implementation C++11 only: we plan to require C++11 to build
95        protobuf code starting from 3.5.0 or 3.6.0 release, after unknown fields
96        semantic changes are finished. Please join this
97        github issue:
98
99          https://github.com/google/protobuf/issues/2780
100
101        to provide your feedback.
102
103  General
104  * Extension ranges now accept options and are customizable.
105  * "reserve" keyword now supports “max” in field number ranges,
106    e.g.  reserve 1000 to max;
107
108  C++
109  * Proto3 messages are now able to preserve unknown fields. The default
110    behavior is still to drop unknowns, which will be flipped in a future
111    release. If you rely on unknowns fields being dropped. Please use
112    Message::DiscardUnknownFields() explicitly.
113  * Packable proto3 fields are now packed by default in serialization.
114  * Following C++11 features are introduced when C++11 is available:
115      - move-constructor and move-assignment are introduced to messages
116      - Repeated fields constructor now takes std::initializer_list
117      - rvalue setters are introduced for string fields
118  * Experimental Table-Driven parsing and serialization available to test. To
119    enable it, pass in table_driven_parsing table_driven_serialization protoc
120    generator flags for C++
121
122      $ protoc --cpp_out=table_driven_parsing,table_driven_serialization:./ \
123        test.proto
124
125  * lite generator parameter supported by the generator. Once set, all generated
126    files, use lite runtime regardless of the optimizer_for setting in the
127    .proto file.
128  * Various optimizations to make C++ code more performant on PowerPC platform
129  * Fixed maps data corruption when the maps are modified by both reflection API
130    and generated API.
131  * Deterministic serialization on maps reflection now uses stable sort.
132  * file() accessors are introduced to various *Descriptor classes to make
133    writing template function easier.
134  * ByteSize() and SpaceUsed() are deprecated.Use ByteSizeLong() and
135    SpaceUsedLong() instead
136  * Consistent hash function is used for maps in DEBUG and NDEBUG build.
137  * "using namespace std" is removed from stubs/common.h
138  * Various performance optimizations and bug fixes
139
140  Java
141  * Introduced new parser API DiscardUnknownFieldsParser in preparation of
142    proto3 unknown fields preservation change. Users who want to drop unknown
143    fields should migrate to use this new parser API. For example:
144
145      Parser<Foo> parser = DiscardUnknownFieldsParser.wrap(Foo.parser());
146      Foo foo = parser.parseFrom(input);
147
148  * Introduced new TextFormat API printUnicodeFieldValue() that prints field
149    value without escaping unicode characters.
150  * Added Durations.compare(Duration, Duration) and
151    Timestamps.compare(Timestamp, Timestamp).
152  * JsonFormat now accepts base64url encoded bytes fields.
153  * Optimized CodedInputStream to do less copies when parsing large bytes
154    fields.
155  * Optimized TextFormat to allocate less memory when printing.
156
157  Python
158  * SerializeToString API is changed to SerializeToString(self, **kwargs),
159    deterministic parameter is accepted for deterministic serialization.
160  * Added sort_keys parameter in json format to make the output deterministic.
161  * Added indent parameter in json format.
162  * Added extension support in json format.
163  * Added __repr__ support for repeated field in cpp implementation.
164  * Added file in FieldDescriptor.
165  * Added pretty-print filter to text format.
166  * Services and method descriptors are always printed even if generic_service
167    option is turned off.
168  * Note: AppEngine 2.5 is deprecated on June 2017 that AppEngine 2.5 will
169    never update protobuf runtime. Users who depend on AppEngine 2.5 should use
170    old protoc.
171
172  PHP
173  * Support PHP generic services. Specify file option php_generic_service=true
174    to enable generating service interface.
175  * Message, repeated and map fields setters take value instead of reference.
176  * Added map iterator in c extension.
177  * Support json  encode/decode.
178  * Added more type info in getter/setter phpdoc
179  * Fixed the problem that c extension and php implementation cannot be used
180    together.
181  * Added file option php_namespace to use custom php namespace instead of
182    package.
183  * Added fluent setter.
184  * Added descriptor API in runtime for custom encode/decode.
185  * Various bug fixes.
186
187  Objective-C
188  * Fix for GPBExtensionRegistry copying and add tests.
189  * Optimize GPBDictionary.m codegen to reduce size of overall library by 46K
190    per architecture.
191  * Fix some cases of reading of 64bit map values.
192  * Properly error on a tag with field number zero.
193  * Preserve unknown fields in proto3 syntax files.
194  * Document the exceptions on some of the writing apis.
195
196  C#
197  * Implemented IReadOnlyDictionary<K,V> in MapField<K,V>
198  * Added TryUnpack method for Any message in addition to Unpack.
199  * Converted C# projects to MSBuild (csproj) format.
200
201  Ruby
202  * Several bug fixes.
203
204  Javascript
205  * Added support of field option js_type. Now one can specify the JS type of a
206    64-bit integer field to be string in the generated code by adding option
207    [jstype = JS_STRING] on the field.
208
2092017-04-05 version 3.3.0 (C++/Java/Python/PHP/Objective-C/C#/Ruby/JavaScript)
210  Planned Future Changes
211  * There are some changes that are not included in this release but are
212    planned for the near future:
213      - Preserve unknown fields in proto3: please read this doc:
214
215          https://docs.google.com/document/d/1KMRX-G91Aa-Y2FkEaHeeviLRRNblgIahbsk4wA14gRk/view
216
217        for the timeline and follow up this github issue:
218
219          https://github.com/google/protobuf/issues/272
220
221        for discussion.
222      - Make C++ implementation C++11 only: we plan to require C++11 to build
223        protobuf code starting from 3.4.0 or 3.5.0 release. Please join this
224        github issue:
225
226          https://github.com/google/protobuf/issues/2780
227
228        to provide your feedback.
229
230  C++
231  * Fixed map fields serialization of DynamicMessage to correctly serialize
232    both key and value regardless of their presence.
233  * Parser now rejects field number 0 correctly.
234  * New API Message::SpaceUsedLong() that’s equivalent to
235    Message::SpaceUsed() but returns the value in size_t.
236  * JSON support
237    - New flag always_print_enums_as_ints in JsonPrintOptions.
238    - New flag preserve_proto_field_names in JsonPrintOptions. It will instruct
239      the JSON printer to use the original field name declared in the .proto
240      file instead of converting them to lowerCamelCase when printing JSON.
241    - JsonPrintOptions.always_print_primtive_fields now works for oneof message
242      fields.
243    - Fixed a bug that doesn’t allow different fields to set the same json_name
244      value.
245    - Fixed a performance bug that causes excessive memory copy when printing
246      large messages.
247  * Various performance optimizations.
248
249  Java
250  * Map field setters eagerly validate inputs and throw NullPointerExceptions
251    as appropriate.
252  * Added ByteBuffer overloads to the generated parsing methods and the Parser
253    interface.
254  * proto3 enum's getNumber() method now throws on UNRECOGNIZED values.
255  * Output of JsonFormat is now locale independent.
256
257  Python
258  * Added FindServiceByName() in the pure-Python DescriptorPool. This works only
259    for descriptors added with DescriptorPool.Add(). Generated descriptor_pool
260    does not support this yet.
261  * Added a descriptor_pool parameter for parsing Any in text_format.Parse().
262  * descriptor_pool.FindFileContainingSymbol() now is able to find nested
263    extensions.
264  * Extending empty [] to repeated field now sets parent message presence.
265
266  PHP
267  * Added file option php_class_prefix. The prefix will be prepended to all
268    generated classes defined in the file.
269  * When encoding, negative int32 values are sign-extended to int64.
270  * Repeated/Map field setter accepts a regular PHP array. Type checking is
271    done on the array elements.
272  * encode/decode are renamed to serializeToString/mergeFromString.
273  * Added mergeFrom, clear method on Message.
274  * Fixed a bug that oneof accessor didn’t return the field name that is
275    actually set.
276  * C extension now works with php7.
277  * This is the first GA release of PHP. We guarantee that old generated code
278    can always work with new runtime and new generated code.
279
280  Objective-C
281  * Fixed help for GPBTimestamp for dates before the epoch that contain
282    fractional seconds.
283  * Added GPBMessageDropUnknownFieldsRecursively() to remove unknowns from a
284    message and any sub messages.
285  * Addressed a threading race in extension registration/lookup.
286  * Increased the max message parsing depth to 100 to match the other languages.
287  * Removed some use of dispatch_once in favor of atomic compare/set since it
288    needs to be heap based.
289  * Fixes for new Xcode 8.3 warnings.
290
291  C#
292  * Fixed MapField.Values.CopyTo, which would throw an exception unnecessarily
293    if provided exactly the right size of array to copy to.
294  * Fixed enum JSON formatting when multiple names mapped to the same numeric
295    value.
296  * Added JSON formatting option to format enums as integers.
297  * Modified RepeatedField<T> to implement IReadOnlyList<T>.
298  * Introduced the start of custom option handling; it's not as pleasant as it
299    might be, but the information is at least present. We expect to extend code
300    generation to improve this in the future.
301  * Introduced ByteString.FromStream and ByteString.FromStreamAsync to
302    efficiently create a ByteString from a stream.
303  * Added whole-message deprecation, which decorates the class with [Obsolete].
304
305  Ruby
306  * Fixed Message#to_h for messages with map fields.
307  * Fixed memcpy() in binary gems to work for old glibc, without breaking the
308    build for non-glibc libc’s like musl.
309
310  Javascript
311  * Added compatibility tests for version 3.0.0.
312  * Added conformance tests.
313  * Fixed serialization of extensions: we need to emit a value even if it is
314    falsy (like the number 0).
315  * Use closurebuilder.py in favor of calcdeps.py for compiling JavaScript.
316
3172017-01-23 version 3.2.0 (C++/Java/Python/PHP/Ruby/Objective-C/C#/JavaScript/Lite)
318  General
319  * Added protoc version number to protoc plugin protocol. It can be used by
320    protoc plugin to detect which version of protoc is used with the plugin and
321    mitigate known problems in certain version of protoc.
322
323  C++
324  * The default parsing byte size limit has been raised from 64MB to 2GB.
325  * Added rvalue setters for non-arena string fields.
326  * Enabled debug logging for Android.
327  * Fixed a double-free problem when using Reflection::SetAllocatedMessage()
328    with extension fields.
329  * Fixed several deterministic serialization bugs:
330    * MessageLite::SerializeAsString() now respects the global deterministic
331      serialization flag.
332    * Extension fields are serialized deterministically as well.  Fixed protocol
333      compiler to correctly report importing-self as an error.
334  * Fixed FileDescriptor::DebugString() to print custom options correctly.
335  * Various performance/codesize optimizations and cleanups.
336
337  Java
338  * The default parsing byte size limit has been raised from 64MB to 2GB.
339  * Added recursion limit when parsing JSON.
340  * Fixed a bug that enumType.getDescriptor().getOptions() doesn't have custom
341    options.
342  * Fixed generated code to support field numbers up to 2^29-1.
343
344  Python
345  * You can now assign NumPy scalars/arrays (np.int32, np.int64) to protobuf
346    fields, and assigning other numeric types has been optimized for
347    performance.
348  * Pure-Python: message types are now garbage-collectable.
349  * Python/C++: a lot of internal cleanup/refactoring.
350
351  PHP (Alpha)
352  * For 64-bit integers type (int64/uint64/sfixed64/fixed64/sint64), use PHP
353    integer on 64-bit environment and PHP string on 32-bit environment.
354  * PHP generated code also conforms to PSR-4 now.
355  * Fixed ZTS build for c extension.
356  * Fixed c extension build on Mac.
357  * Fixed c extension build on 32-bit linux.
358  * Fixed the bug that message without namespace is not found in the descriptor
359    pool. (#2240)
360  * Fixed the bug that repeated field is not iterable in c extension.
361  * Message names Empty will be converted to GPBEmpty in generated code.
362  * Added phpdoc in generated files.
363  * The released API is almost stable. Unless there is large problem, we won't
364    change it. See
365    https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/reference/php-generated
366    for more details.
367
368  Objective-C
369  * Added support for push/pop of the stream limit on CodedInputStream for
370    anyone doing manual parsing.
371
372  C#
373  * No changes.
374
375  Ruby
376  * Message objects now support #respond_to? for field getters/setters.
377  * You can now compare “message == non_message_object” and it will return false
378    instead of throwing an exception.
379  * JRuby: fixed #hashCode to properly reflect the values in the message.
380
381  Javascript
382  * Deserialization of repeated fields no longer has quadratic performance
383    behavior.
384  * UTF-8 encoding/decoding now properly supports high codepoints.
385  * Added convenience methods for some well-known types: Any, Struct, and
386    Timestamp. These make it easier to convert data between native JavaScript
387    types and the well-known protobuf types.
388
3892016-09-23 version 3.1.0 (C++/Java/Python/PHP/Ruby/Objective-C/C#/JavaScript/Lite)
390  General
391  * Proto3 support in PHP (alpha).
392  * Various bug fixes.
393
394  C++
395  * Added MessageLite::ByteSizeLong() that’s equivalent to
396    MessageLite::ByteSize() but returns the value in size_t. Useful to check
397    whether a message is over the 2G size limit that protobuf can support.
398  * Moved default_instances to global variables. This allows default_instance
399    addresses to be known at compile time.
400  * Adding missing generic gcc 64-bit atomicops.
401  * Restore New*Callback into google::protobuf namespace since these are used
402    by the service stubs code
403  * JSON support.
404    * Fixed some conformance issues.
405  * Fixed a JSON serialization bug for bytes fields.
406
407  Java
408  * Fixed a bug in TextFormat that doesn’t accept empty repeated fields (i.e.,
409    “field: [ ]”).
410  * JSON support
411    * Fixed JsonFormat to do correct snake_case-to-camelCase conversion for
412      non-style-conforming field names.
413    * Fixed JsonFormat to parse empty Any message correctly.
414    * Added an option to JsonFormat.Parser to ignore unknown fields.
415  * Experimental API
416    * Added UnsafeByteOperations.unsafeWrap(byte[]) to wrap a byte array into
417      ByteString without copy.
418
419  Python
420  * JSON support
421    * Fixed some conformance issues.
422
423  PHP (Alpha)
424  * We have added the proto3 support for PHP via both a pure PHP package and a
425    native c extension. The pure PHP package is intended to provide usability
426    to wider range of PHP platforms, while the c extension is intended to
427    provide higher performance. Both implementations provide the same runtime
428    APIs and share the same generated code. Users don’t need to re-generate
429    code for the same proto definition when they want to switch the
430    implementation later. The pure PHP package is included in the php/src
431    directory, and the c extension is included in the php/ext directory.
432
433    Both implementations provide idiomatic PHP APIs:
434    * All messages and enums are defined as PHP classes.
435    * All message fields can only be accessed via getter/setter.
436    * Both repeated field elements and map elements are stored in containers
437      that act like a normal PHP array.
438
439    Unlike several existing third-party PHP implementations for protobuf, our
440    implementations are built on a "strongly-typed" philosophy: message fields
441    and array/map containers will throw exceptions eagerly when values of the
442    incorrect type (not including those that can be type converted, e.g.,
443    double <-> integer <-> numeric string) are inserted.
444
445    Currently, pure PHP runtime supports php5.5, 5.6 and 7 on linux. C
446    extension runtime supports php5.5 and 5.6 on linux.
447
448    See php/README.md for more details about installment. See
449    https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/phptutorial for more
450    details about APIs.
451
452  Objective-C
453  * Helpers are now provided for working the the Any well known type (see
454    GPBWellKnownTypes.h for the api additions).
455  * Some improvements in startup code (especially when extensions aren’t used).
456
457  Javascript
458  * Fixed missing import of jspb.Map
459  * Fixed valueWriterFn variable name
460
461  Ruby
462  * Fixed hash computation for JRuby's RubyMessage
463  * Make sure map parsing frames are GC-rooted.
464  * Added API support for well-known types.
465
466  C#
467  * Removed check on dependency in the C# reflection API.
468
4692016-09-06 version 3.0.2 (C++/Java/Python/Ruby/Objective-C/C#/JavaScript/Lite)
470  General
471  * Various bug fixes.
472
473  Objective C
474  * Fix for oneofs in proto3 syntax files where fields were set to the zero
475    value.
476  * Fix for embedded null character in strings.
477  * CocoaDocs support
478
479  Ruby
480  * Fixed memory corruption bug in parsing that could occur under GC pressure.
481
482  Javascript
483  * jspb.Map is now properly exported to CommonJS modules.
484
485  C#
486  * Removed legacy_enum_values flag.
487
488
4892016-07-27 version 3.0.0 (C++/Java/Python/Ruby/Objective-C/C#/JavaScript/Lite)
490  General
491  * This log only contains changes since the beta-4 release. Summarized change
492    log since the last stable release (v2.6.1) can be found in the github
493    release page.
494
495  Compatibility Notice
496  * v3.0.0 is the first API stable release of the v3.x series. We do not expect
497    any future API breaking changes.
498  * For C++, Java Lite and Objective-C, source level compatibility is
499    guaranteed.  Upgrading from v3.0.0 to newer minor version releases will be
500    source compatible. For example, if your code compiles against protobuf
501    v3.0.0, it will continue to compile after you upgrade protobuf library to
502    v3.1.0.
503  * For other languages, both source level compatibility and binary level
504    compatibility are guaranteed. For example, if you have a Java binary built
505    against protobuf v3.0.0. After switching the protobuf runtime binary to
506    v3.1.0, your built binary should continue to work.
507  * Compatibility is only guaranteed for documented API and documented
508    behaviors. If you are using undocumented API (e.g., use anything in the C++
509    internal namespace), it can be broken by minor version releases in an
510    undetermined manner.
511
512  Ruby
513  * When you assign a string field `a.string_field = "X"`, we now call
514    #encode(UTF-8) on the string and freeze the copy. This saves you from
515    needing to ensure the string is already encoded as UTF-8. It also prevents
516    you from mutating the string after it has been assigned (this is how we
517    ensure it stays valid UTF-8).
518  * The generated file for `foo.proto` is now `foo_pb.rb` instead of just
519    `foo.rb`. This makes it easier to see which imports/requires are from
520    protobuf generated code, and also prevents conflicts with any `foo.rb` file
521    you might have written directly in Ruby. It is a backward-incompatible
522    change: you will need to update all of your `require` statements.
523  * For package names like `foo_bar`, we now translate this to the Ruby module
524    `FooBar`. This is more idiomatic Ruby than what we used to do (`Foo_bar`).
525
526  JavaScript
527  * Scalar fields like numbers and boolean now return defaults instead of
528    `undefined` or `null` when they are unset. You can test for presence
529    explicitly by calling `hasFoo()`, which we now generate for scalar fields.
530
531  Java Lite
532  * Java Lite is now implemented as a separate plugin, maintained in the
533    `javalite` branch. Both lite runtime and protoc artifacts will be available
534    in Maven.
535
536  C#
537  * Target platforms now .NET 4.5, selected portable subsets and .NET Core.
538  * legacy_enum_values option is no longer supported.
539
5402016-07-15 version 3.0.0-beta-4 (C++/Java/Python/Ruby/Objective-C/C#/JavaScript)
541  General
542  * Added a deterministic serialization API for C++. The deterministic
543    serialization guarantees that given a binary, equal messages will be
544    serialized to the same bytes. This allows applications like MapReduce to
545    group equal messages based on the serialized bytes. The deterministic
546    serialization is, however, NOT canonical across languages; it is also
547    unstable across different builds with schema changes due to unknown fields.
548    Users who need canonical serialization, e.g. persistent storage in a
549    canonical form, fingerprinting, etc, should define their own
550    canonicalization specification and implement the serializer using reflection
551    APIs rather than relying on this API.
552  * Added OneofOptions. You can now define custom options for oneof groups.
553      import "google/protobuf/descriptor.proto";
554      extend google.protobuf.OneofOptions {
555        optional int32 my_oneof_extension = 12345;
556      }
557      message Foo {
558        oneof oneof_group {
559          (my_oneof_extension) = 54321;
560          ...
561        }
562      }
563
564  C++ (beta)
565  * Introduced a deterministic serialization API in
566    CodedOutputStream::SetSerializationDeterministic(bool). See the notes about
567    deterministic serialization in the General section.
568  * Added google::protobuf::Map::swap() to swap two map fields.
569  * Fixed a memory leak when calling Reflection::ReleaseMessage() on a message
570    allocated on arena.
571  * Improved error reporting when parsing text format protos.
572  * JSON
573      - Added a new parser option to ignore unknown fields when parsing JSON.
574      - Added convenient methods for message to/from JSON conversion.
575  * Various performance optimizations.
576
577  Java (beta)
578  * File option "java_generate_equals_and_hash" is now deprecated. equals() and
579    hashCode() methods are generated by default.
580  * Added a new JSON printer option "omittingInsignificantWhitespace" to produce
581    a more compact JSON output. The printer will pretty-print by default.
582  * Updated Java runtime to be compatible with 2.5.0/2.6.1 generated protos.
583
584  Python (beta)
585  * Added support to pretty print Any messages in text format.
586  * Added a flag to ignore unknown fields when parsing JSON.
587  * Bugfix: "@type" field of a JSON Any message is now correctly put before
588    other fields.
589
590  Objective-C (beta)
591  * Updated the code to support compiling with more compiler warnings
592    enabled. (Issue 1616)
593  * Exposing more detailed errors for parsing failures. (PR 1623)
594  * Small (breaking) change to the naming of some methods on the support classes
595    for map<>. There were collisions with the system provided KVO support, so
596    the names were changed to avoid those issues.  (PR 1699)
597  * Fixed for proper Swift bridging of error handling during parsing. (PR 1712)
598  * Complete support for generating sources that will go into a Framework and
599    depend on generated sources from other Frameworks. (Issue 1457)
600
601  C# (beta)
602  * RepeatedField optimizations.
603  * Support for .NET Core.
604  * Minor bug fixes.
605  * Ability to format a single value in JsonFormatter (advanced usage only).
606  * Modifications to attributes applied to generated code.
607
608  Javascript (alpha)
609  * Maps now have a real map API instead of being treated as repeated fields.
610  * Well-known types are now provided in the google-protobuf package, and the
611    code generator knows to require() them from that package.
612  * Bugfix: non-canonical varints are correctly decoded.
613
614  Ruby (alpha)
615  * Accessors for oneof fields now return default values instead of nil.
616
617  Java Lite
618  * Java lite support is removed from protocol compiler. It will be supported
619    as a protocol compiler plugin in a separate code branch.
620
6212016-05-16 version 3.0.0-beta-3 (C++/Java/Python/Ruby/Nano/Objective-C/C#/JavaScript)
622  General
623  * Supported Proto3 lite-runtime in C++/Java for mobile platforms.
624  * Any type now supports APIs to specify prefixes other than
625    type.googleapis.com
626  * Removed javanano_use_deprecated_package option; Nano will always has its own
627    ".nano" package.
628
629  C++ (Beta)
630  * Improved hash maps.
631      - Improved hash maps comments. In particular, please note that equal hash
632        maps will not necessarily have the same iteration order and
633        serialization.
634      - Added a new hash maps implementation that will become the default in a
635        later release.
636  * Arenas
637      - Several inlined methods in Arena were moved to out-of-line to improve
638        build performance and code size.
639      - Added SpaceAllocatedAndUsed() to report both space used and allocated
640      - Added convenient class UnsafeArenaAllocatedRepeatedPtrFieldBackInserter
641  * Any
642      - Allow custom type URL prefixes in Any packing.
643      - TextFormat now expand the Any type rather than printing bytes.
644  * Performance optimizations and various bug fixes.
645
646  Java (Beta)
647  * Introduced an ExperimentalApi annotation. Annotated APIs are experimental
648    and are subject to change in a backward incompatible way in future releases.
649  * Introduced zero-copy serialization as an ExperimentalApi
650      - Introduction of the `ByteOutput` interface. This is similar to
651        `OutputStream` but provides semantics for lazy writing (i.e. no
652        immediate copy required) of fields that are considered to be immutable.
653      - `ByteString` now supports writing to a `ByteOutput`, which will directly
654        expose the internals of the `ByteString` (i.e. `byte[]` or `ByteBuffer`)
655        to the `ByteOutput` without copying.
656      - `CodedOutputStream` now supports writing to a `ByteOutput`. `ByteString`
657        instances that are too large to fit in the internal buffer will be
658        (lazily) written to the `ByteOutput` directly.
659      - This allows applications using large `ByteString` fields to avoid
660        duplication of these fields entirely. Such an application can supply a
661        `ByteOutput` that chains together the chunks received from
662        `CodedOutputStream` before forwarding them onto the IO system.
663  * Other related changes to `CodedOutputStream`
664      - Additional use of `sun.misc.Unsafe` where possible to perform fast
665        access to `byte[]` and `ByteBuffer` values and avoiding unnecessary
666        range checking.
667      - `ByteBuffer`-backed `CodedOutputStream` now writes directly to the
668        `ByteBuffer` rather than to an intermediate array.
669  * Improved lite-runtime.
670      - Lite protos now implement deep equals/hashCode/toString
671      - Significantly improved the performance of Builder#mergeFrom() and
672        Builder#mergeDelimitedFrom()
673  * Various bug fixes and small feature enhancement.
674      - Fixed stack overflow when in hashCode() for infinite recursive oneofs.
675      - Fixed the lazy field parsing in lite to merge rather than overwrite.
676      - TextFormat now supports reporting line/column numbers on errors.
677      - Updated to add appropriate @Override for better compiler errors.
678
679  Python (Beta)
680  * Added JSON format for Any, Struct, Value and ListValue
681  * [ ] is now accepted for both repeated scalar fields and repeated message
682    fields in text format parser.
683  * Numerical field name is now supported in text format.
684  * Added DiscardUnknownFields API for python protobuf message.
685
686  Objective-C (Beta)
687  * Proto comments now come over as HeaderDoc comments in the generated sources
688    so Xcode can pick them up and display them.
689  * The library headers have been updated to use HeaderDoc comments so Xcode can
690    pick them up and display them.
691  * The per message and per field overhead in both generated code and runtime
692    object sizes was reduced.
693  * Generated code now include deprecated annotations when the proto file
694    included them.
695
696  C# (Beta)
697  In general: some changes are breaking, which require regenerating messages.
698  Most user-written code will not be impacted *except* for the renaming of enum
699  values.
700
701  * Allow custom type URL prefixes in `Any` packing, and ignore them when
702    unpacking
703  * `protoc` is now in a separate NuGet package (Google.Protobuf.Tools)
704  * New option: `internal_access` to generate internal classes
705  * Enum values are now PascalCased, and if there's a prefix which matches the
706    name of the enum, that is removed (so an enum `COLOR` with a value
707    `COLOR_BLUE` would generate a value of just `Blue`). An option
708    (`legacy_enum_values`) is temporarily available to disable this, but the
709    option will be removed for GA.
710  * `json_name` option is now honored
711  * If group tags are encountered when parsing, they are validated more
712    thoroughly (although we don't support actual groups)
713  * NuGet dependencies are better specified
714  * Breaking: `Preconditions` is renamed to `ProtoPreconditions`
715  * Breaking: `GeneratedCodeInfo` is renamed to `GeneratedClrTypeInfo`
716  * `JsonFormatter` now allows writing to a `TextWriter`
717  * New interface, `ICustomDiagnosticMessage` to allow more compact
718    representations from `ToString`
719  * `CodedInputStream` and `CodedOutputStream` now implement `IDisposable`,
720    which simply disposes of the streams they were constructed with
721  * Map fields no longer support null values (in line with other languages)
722  * Improvements in JSON formatting and parsing
723
724  Javascript (Alpha)
725  * Better support for "bytes" fields: bytes fields can be read as either a
726    base64 string or UInt8Array (in environments where TypedArray is supported).
727  * New support for CommonJS imports.  This should make it easier to use the
728    JavaScript support in Node.js and tools like WebPack.  See js/README.md for
729    more information.
730  * Some significant internal refactoring to simplify and modularize the code.
731
732  Ruby (Alpha)
733  * JSON serialization now properly uses camelCased names, with a runtime option
734    that will preserve original names from .proto files instead.
735  * Well-known types are now included in the distribution.
736  * Release now includes binary gems for Windows, Mac, and Linux instead of just
737    source gems.
738  * Bugfix for serializing oneofs.
739
740  C++/Java Lite (Alpha)
741    A new "lite" generator parameter was introduced in the protoc for C++ and
742    Java for Proto3 syntax messages. Example usage:
743
744     ./protoc --cpp_out=lite:$OUTPUT_PATH foo.proto
745
746    The protoc will treat the current input and all the transitive dependencies
747    as LITE. The same generator parameter must be used to generate the
748    dependencies.
749
750    In Proto3 syntax files, "optimized_for=LITE_RUNTIME" is no longer supported.
751
752
7532015-12-30 version 3.0.0-beta-2 (C++/Java/Python/Ruby/Nano/Objective-C/C#/JavaScript)
754  General
755  * Introduced a new language implementation: JavaScript.
756  * Added a new field option "json_name". By default proto field names are
757    converted to "lowerCamelCase" in proto3 JSON format. This option can be
758    used to override this behavior and specify a different JSON name for the
759    field.
760  * Added conformance tests to ensure implementations are following proto3 JSON
761    specification.
762
763  C++ (Beta)
764  * Various bug fixes and improvements to the JSON support utility:
765      - Duplicate map keys in JSON are now rejected (i.e., translation will
766        fail).
767      - Fixed wire-format for google.protobuf.Value/ListValue.
768      - Fixed precision loss when converting google.protobuf.Timestamp.
769      - Fixed a bug when parsing invalid UTF-8 code points.
770      - Fixed a memory leak.
771      - Reduced call stack usage.
772
773  Java (Beta)
774  * Cleaned up some unused methods on CodedOutputStream.
775  * Presized lists for packed fields during parsing in the lite runtime to
776    reduce allocations and improve performance.
777  * Improved the performance of unknown fields in the lite runtime.
778  * Introduced UnsafeByteStrings to support zero-copy ByteString creation.
779  * Various bug fixes and improvements to the JSON support utility:
780      - Fixed a thread-safety bug.
781      - Added a new option “preservingProtoFieldNames” to JsonFormat.
782      - Added a new option “includingDefaultValueFields” to JsonFormat.
783      - Updated the JSON utility to comply with proto3 JSON specification.
784
785  Python (Beta)
786  * Added proto3 JSON format utility. It includes support for all field types
787    and a few well-known types except for Any and Struct.
788  * Added runtime support for Any, Timestamp, Duration and FieldMask.
789  * [ ] is now accepted for repeated scalar fields in text format parser.
790  * Map fields now have proper O(1) performance for lookup/insert/delete
791    when using the Python/C++ implementation. They were previously using O(n)
792    search-based algorithms because the C++ reflection interface didn't
793    support true map operations.
794
795  Objective-C (Beta)
796  * Various bug-fixes and code tweaks to pass more strict compiler warnings.
797  * Now has conformance test coverage and is passing all tests.
798
799  C# (Beta)
800  * Various bug-fixes.
801  * Code generation: Files generated in directories based on namespace.
802  * Code generation: Include comments from .proto files in XML doc
803    comments (naively)
804  * Code generation: Change organization/naming of "reflection class" (access
805    to file descriptor)
806  * Code generation and library: Add Parser property to MessageDescriptor,
807    and introduce a non-generic parser type.
808  * Library: Added TypeRegistry to support JSON parsing/formatting of Any.
809  * Library: Added Any.Pack/Unpack support.
810  * Library: Implemented JSON parsing.
811
812  Javascript (Alpha)
813  * Added proto3 support for JavaScript. The runtime is written in pure
814    JavaScript and works in browsers and in Node.js. To generate JavaScript
815    code for your proto, invoke protoc with "--js_out". See js/README.md
816    for more build instructions.
817
8182015-08-26 version 3.0.0-beta-1 (C++/Java/Python/Ruby/Nano/Objective-C/C#)
819  About Beta
820  * This is the first beta release of protobuf v3.0.0. Not all languages
821    have reached beta stage. Languages not marked as beta are still in
822    alpha (i.e., be prepared for API breaking changes).
823
824  General
825  * Proto3 JSON is supported in several languages (fully supported in C++
826    and Java, partially supported in Ruby/C#). The JSON spec is defined in
827    the proto3 language guide:
828
829      https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3#json
830
831    We will publish a more detailed spec to define the exact behavior of
832    proto3-conformant JSON serializers and parsers. Until then, do not rely
833    on specific behaviors of the implementation if it’s not documented in
834    the above spec. More specifically, the behavior is not yet finalized for
835    the following:
836      - Parsing invalid JSON input (e.g., input with trailing commas).
837      - Non-camelCase names in JSON input.
838      - The same field appears multiple times in JSON input.
839      - JSON arrays contain “null” values.
840      - The message has unknown fields.
841
842  * Proto3 now enforces strict UTF-8 checking. Parsing will fail if a string
843    field contains non UTF-8 data.
844
845  C++ (Beta)
846  * Introduced new utility functions/classes in the google/protobuf/util
847    directory:
848      - MessageDifferencer: compare two proto messages and report their
849                            differences.
850      - JsonUtil: support converting protobuf binary format to/from JSON.
851      - TimeUtil: utility functions to work with well-known types Timestamp
852                  and Duration.
853      - FieldMaskUtil: utility functions to work with FieldMask.
854
855  * Performance optimization of arena construction and destruction.
856  * Bug fixes for arena and maps support.
857  * Changed to use cmake for Windows Visual Studio builds.
858  * Added Bazel support.
859
860  Java (Beta)
861  * Introduced a new util package that will be distributed as a separate
862    artifact in maven. It contains:
863      - JsonFormat: convert proto messages to/from JSON.
864      - TimeUtil: utility functions to work with Timestamp and Duration.
865      - FieldMaskUtil: utility functions to work with FieldMask.
866
867  * The static PARSER in each generated message is deprecated, and it will
868    be removed in a future release. A static parser() getter is generated
869    for each message type instead.
870  * Performance optimizations for String fields serialization.
871  * Performance optimizations for Lite runtime on Android:
872      - Reduced allocations
873      - Reduced method overhead after ProGuarding
874      - Reduced code size after ProGuarding
875
876  Python (Alpha)
877  * Removed legacy Python 2.5 support.
878  * Moved to a single Python 2.x/3.x-compatible codebase, instead of using 2to3.
879  * Fixed build/tests on Python 2.6, 2.7, 3.3, and 3.4.
880      - Pure-Python works on all four.
881      - Python/C++ implementation works on all but 3.4, due to changes in the
882        Python/C++ API in 3.4.
883  * Some preliminary work has been done to allow for multiple DescriptorPools
884    with Python/C++.
885
886  Ruby (Alpha)
887  * Many bugfixes:
888      - fixed parsing/serialization of bytes, sint, sfixed types
889      - other parser bugfixes
890      - fixed memory leak affecting Ruby 2.2
891
892  JavaNano (Alpha)
893  * JavaNano generated code now will be put in a nano package by default to
894    avoid conflicts with Java generated code.
895
896  Objective-C (Alpha)
897  * Added non-null markup to ObjC library. Requires SDK 8.4+ to build.
898  * Many bugfixes:
899      - Removed the class/enum filter.
900      - Renamed some internal types to avoid conflicts with the well-known types
901        protos.
902      - Added missing support for parsing repeated primitive fields in packed or
903        unpacked forms.
904      - Added *Count for repeated and map<> fields to avoid auto-create when
905        checking for them being set.
906
907  C# (Alpha)
908  * Namespace changed to Google.Protobuf (and NuGet package will be named
909    correspondingly).
910  * Target platforms now .NET 4.5 and selected portable subsets only.
911  * Removed lite runtime.
912  * Reimplementation to use mutable message types.
913  * Null references used to represent "no value" for message type fields.
914  * Proto3 semantics supported; proto2 files are prohibited for C# codegen.
915    Most proto3 features supported:
916      - JSON formatting (a.k.a. serialization to JSON), including well-known
917        types (except for Any).
918      - Wrapper types mapped to nullable value types (or string/ByteString
919        allowing nullability). JSON parsing is not supported yet.
920      - maps
921      - oneof
922      - enum unknown value preservation
923
9242015-05-25 version 3.0.0-alpha-3 (Objective-C/C#):
925  General
926  * Introduced two new language implementations (Objective-C, C#) to proto3.
927  * Explicit "optional" keyword are disallowed in proto3 syntax, as fields are
928    optional by default.
929  * Group fields are no longer supported in proto3 syntax.
930  * Changed repeated primitive fields to use packed serialization by default in
931    proto3 (implemented for C++, Java, Python in this release).  The user can
932    still disable packed serialization by setting packed to false for now.
933  * Added well-known type protos (any.proto, empty.proto, timestamp.proto,
934    duration.proto, etc.). Users can import and use these protos just like
935    regular proto files. Additional runtime support will be added for them in
936    future releases (in the form of utility helper functions, or having them
937    replaced by language specific types in generated code).
938  * Added a "reserved" keyword in both proto2 and proto3 syntax. User can use
939    this keyword to declare reserved field numbers and names to prevent them
940    from being reused by other fields in the same message.
941
942    To reserve field numbers, add a reserved declaration in your message:
943
944      message TestMessage {
945        reserved 2, 15, 9 to 11, 3;
946      }
947
948    This reserves field numbers 2, 3, 9, 10, 11 and 15. If a user uses any of
949    these as field numbers, the protocol buffer compiler will report an error.
950
951    Field names can also be reserved:
952
953      message TestMessage {
954        reserved "foo", "bar";
955      }
956
957  * Various bug fixes since 3.0.0-alpha-2
958
959  Objective-C
960    Objective-C includes a code generator and a native objective-c runtime
961    library.  By adding “--objc_out” to protoc, the code generator will generate
962    a header(*.pbobjc.h) and an implementation file(*.pbobjc.m) for each proto
963    file.
964
965    In this first release, the generated interface provides: enums, messages,
966    field support(single, repeated, map, oneof), proto2 and proto3 syntax
967    support, parsing and serialization. It’s  compatible with ARC and non-ARC
968    usage. Besides, user can also access it via the swift bridging header.
969
970    See objectivec/README.md for details.
971
972  C#
973    * C# protobufs are based on project
974      https://github.com/jskeet/protobuf-csharp-port. The original project was
975      frozen and all the new development will happen here.
976    * Codegen plugin for C# was completely rewritten to C++ and is now an
977      integral part of protoc.
978    * Some refactorings and cleanup has been applied to the C# runtime library.
979    * Only proto2 is supported in C# at the moment, proto3 support is in
980      progress and will likely bring significant breaking changes to the API.
981
982    See csharp/README.md for details.
983
984  C++
985    * Added runtime support for Any type. To use Any in your proto file, first
986      import the definition of Any:
987
988        // foo.proto
989        import "google/protobuf/any.proto";
990        message Foo {
991          google.protobuf.Any any_field = 1;
992        }
993        message Bar {
994          int32 value = 1;
995        }
996
997      Then in C++ you can access the Any field using PackFrom()/UnpackTo()
998      methods:
999
1000        Foo foo;
1001        Bar bar = ...;
1002        foo.mutable_any_field()->PackFrom(bar);
1003        ...
1004        if (foo.any_field().IsType<Bar>()) {
1005          foo.any_field().UnpackTo(&bar);
1006          ...
1007        }
1008    * In text format, entries of a map field will be sorted by key.
1009
1010  Java
1011    * Continued optimizations on the lite runtime to improve performance for
1012      Android.
1013
1014  Python
1015    * Added map support.
1016      - maps now have a dict-like interface (msg.map_field[key] = value)
1017      - existing code that modifies maps via the repeated field interface
1018        will need to be updated.
1019
1020  Ruby
1021    * Improvements to RepeatedField's emulation of the Ruby Array API.
1022    * Various speedups and internal cleanups.
1023
10242015-02-26 version 3.0.0-alpha-2 (Python/Ruby/JavaNano):
1025  General
1026  * Introduced three new language implementations (Ruby, JavaNano, and
1027    Python) to proto3.
1028  * Various bug fixes since 3.0.0-alpha-1
1029
1030  Python:
1031    Python has received several updates, most notably support for proto3
1032    semantics in any .proto file that declares syntax="proto3".
1033    Messages declared in proto3 files no longer represent field presence
1034    for scalar fields (number, enums, booleans, or strings).  You can
1035    no longer call HasField() for such fields, and they are serialized
1036    based on whether they have a non-zero/empty/false value.
1037
1038    One other notable change is in the C++-accelerated implementation.
1039    Descriptor objects (which describe the protobuf schema and allow
1040    reflection over it) are no longer duplicated between the Python
1041    and C++ layers.  The Python descriptors are now simple wrappers
1042    around the C++ descriptors.  This change should significantly
1043    reduce the memory usage of programs that use a lot of message
1044    types.
1045
1046  Ruby:
1047    We have added proto3 support for Ruby via a native C extension.
1048
1049    The Ruby extension itself is included in the ruby/ directory, and details on
1050    building and installing the extension are in ruby/README.md. The extension
1051    will also be published as a Ruby gem. Code generator support is included as
1052    part of `protoc` with the `--ruby_out` flag.
1053
1054    The Ruby extension implements a user-friendly DSL to define message types
1055    (also generated by the code generator from `.proto` files).  Once a message
1056    type is defined, the user may create instances of the message that behave in
1057    ways idiomatic to Ruby. For example:
1058
1059    - Message fields are present as ordinary Ruby properties (getter method
1060      `foo` and setter method `foo=`).
1061    - Repeated field elements are stored in a container that acts like a native
1062      Ruby array, and map elements are stored in a container that acts like a
1063      native Ruby hashmap.
1064    - The usual well-known methods, such as `#to_s`, `#dup`, and the like, are
1065      present.
1066
1067    Unlike several existing third-party Ruby extensions for protobuf, this
1068    extension is built on a "strongly-typed" philosophy: message fields and
1069    array/map containers will throw exceptions eagerly when values of the
1070    incorrect type are inserted.
1071
1072    See ruby/README.md for details.
1073
1074  JavaNano:
1075    JavaNano is a special code generator and runtime library designed especially
1076    for resource-restricted systems, like Android. It is very resource-friendly
1077    in both the amount of code and the runtime overhead. Here is an an overview
1078    of JavaNano features compared with the official Java protobuf:
1079
1080    - No descriptors or message builders.
1081    - All messages are mutable; fields are public Java fields.
1082    - For optional fields only, encapsulation behind setter/getter/hazzer/
1083      clearer functions is opt-in, which provide proper 'has' state support.
1084    - For proto2, if not opted in, has state (field presence) is not available.
1085      Serialization outputs all fields not equal to their defaults.
1086      The behavior is consistent with proto3 semantics.
1087    - Required fields (proto2 only) are always serialized.
1088    - Enum constants are integers; protection against invalid values only
1089      when parsing from the wire.
1090    - Enum constants can be generated into container interfaces bearing
1091      the enum's name (so the referencing code is in Java style).
1092    - CodedInputByteBufferNano can only take byte[] (not InputStream).
1093    - Similarly CodedOutputByteBufferNano can only write to byte[].
1094    - Repeated fields are in arrays, not ArrayList or Vector. Null array
1095      elements are allowed and silently ignored.
1096    - Full support for serializing/deserializing repeated packed fields.
1097    - Support  extensions (in proto2).
1098    - Unset messages/groups are null, not an immutable empty default
1099      instance.
1100    - toByteArray(...) and mergeFrom(...) are now static functions of
1101      MessageNano.
1102    - The 'bytes' type translates to the Java type byte[].
1103
1104    See javanano/README.txt for details.
1105
11062014-12-01 version 3.0.0-alpha-1 (C++/Java):
1107
1108  General
1109  * Introduced Protocol Buffers language version 3 (aka proto3).
1110
1111    When protobuf was initially opensourced it implemented Protocol Buffers
1112    language version 2 (aka proto2), which is why the version number
1113    started from v2.0.0. From v3.0.0, a new language version (proto3) is
1114    introduced while the old version (proto2) will continue to be supported.
1115
1116    The main intent of introducing proto3 is to clean up protobuf before
1117    pushing the language as the foundation of Google's new API platform.
1118    In proto3, the language is simplified, both for ease of use and  to
1119    make it available in a wider range of programming languages. At the
1120    same time a few features are added to better support common idioms
1121    found in APIs.
1122
1123    The following are the main new features in language version 3:
1124
1125      1. Removal of field presence logic for primitive value fields, removal
1126         of required fields, and removal of default values. This makes proto3
1127         significantly easier to implement with open struct representations,
1128         as in languages like Android Java, Objective C, or Go.
1129      2. Removal of unknown fields.
1130      3. Removal of extensions, which are instead replaced by a new standard
1131         type called Any.
1132      4. Fix semantics for unknown enum values.
1133      5. Addition of maps.
1134      6. Addition of a small set of standard types for representation of time,
1135         dynamic data, etc.
1136      7. A well-defined encoding in JSON as an alternative to binary proto
1137         encoding.
1138
1139    This release (v3.0.0-alpha-1) includes partial proto3 support for C++ and
1140    Java. Items 6 (well-known types) and 7 (JSON format) in the above feature
1141    list are not implemented.
1142
1143    A new notion "syntax" is introduced to specify whether a .proto file
1144    uses proto2 or proto3:
1145
1146      // foo.proto
1147      syntax = "proto3";
1148      message Bar {...}
1149
1150    If omitted, the protocol compiler will generate a warning and "proto2" will
1151    be used as the default. This warning will be turned into an error in a
1152    future release.
1153
1154    We recommend that new Protocol Buffers users use proto3. However, we do not
1155    generally recommend that existing users migrate from proto2 from proto3 due
1156    to API incompatibility, and we will continue to support proto2 for a long
1157    time.
1158
1159  * Added support for map fields (implemented in C++/Java for both proto2 and
1160    proto3).
1161
1162    Map fields can be declared using the following syntax:
1163
1164      message Foo {
1165        map<string, string> values = 1;
1166      }
1167
1168    Data of a map field will be stored in memory as an unordered map and it
1169    can be accessed through generated accessors.
1170
1171  C++
1172  * Added arena allocation support (for both proto2 and proto3).
1173
1174    Profiling shows memory allocation and deallocation constitutes a significant
1175    fraction of CPU-time spent in protobuf code and arena allocation is a
1176    technique introduced to reduce this cost. With arena allocation, new
1177    objects will be allocated from a large piece of preallocated memory and
1178    deallocation of these objects is almost free. Early adoption shows 20% to
1179    50% improvement in some Google binaries.
1180
1181    To enable arena support, add the following option to your .proto file:
1182
1183      option cc_enable_arenas = true;
1184
1185    Protocol compiler will generate additional code to make the generated
1186    message classes work with arenas. This does not change the existing API
1187    of protobuf messages and does not affect wire format. Your existing code
1188    should continue to work after adding this option. In the future we will
1189    make this option enabled by default.
1190
1191    To actually take advantage of arena allocation, you need to use the arena
1192    APIs when creating messages. A quick example of using the arena API:
1193
1194      {
1195        google::protobuf::Arena arena;
1196        // Allocate a protobuf message in the arena.
1197        MyMessage* message = Arena::CreateMessage<MyMessage>(&arena);
1198        // All submessages will be allocated in the same arena.
1199        if (!message->ParseFromString(data)) {
1200          // Deal with malformed input data.
1201        }
1202        // Must not delete the message here. It will be deleted automatically
1203        // when the arena is destroyed.
1204      }
1205
1206    Currently arena does not work with map fields. Enabling arena in a .proto
1207    file containing map fields will result in compile errors in the generated
1208    code. This will be addressed in a future release.
1209
12102014-10-20 version 2.6.1:
1211
1212  C++
1213  * Added atomicops support for Solaris.
1214  * Released memory allocated by InitializeDefaultRepeatedFields() and
1215    GetEmptyString(). Some memory sanitizers reported them as memory leaks.
1216
1217  Java
1218  * Updated DynamicMessage.setField() to handle repeated enum values
1219    correctly.
1220  * Fixed a bug that caused NullPointerException to be thrown when
1221    converting manually constructed FileDescriptorProto to
1222    FileDescriptor.
1223
1224  Python
1225  * Fixed WhichOneof() to work with de-serialized protobuf messages.
1226  * Fixed a missing file problem of Python C++ implementation.
1227
12282014-08-15 version 2.6.0:
1229
1230  General
1231  * Added oneofs(unions) feature. Fields in the same oneof will share
1232    memory and at most one field can be set at the same time. Use the
1233    oneof keyword to define a oneof like:
1234      message SampleMessage {
1235        oneof test_oneof {
1236          string name = 4;
1237          YourMessage sub_message = 9;
1238        }
1239      }
1240  * Files, services, enums, messages, methods and enum values can be marked
1241    as deprecated now.
1242  * Added Support for list values, including lists of messages, when
1243    parsing text-formatted protos in C++ and Java.
1244      For example:  foo: [1, 2, 3]
1245
1246  C++
1247  * Enhanced customization on TestFormat printing.
1248  * Added SwapFields() in reflection API to swap a subset of fields.
1249    Added SetAllocatedMessage() in reflection API.
1250  * Repeated primitive extensions are now packable. The
1251    [packed=true] option only affects serializers. Therefore, it is
1252    possible to switch a repeated extension field to packed format
1253    without breaking backwards-compatibility.
1254  * Various speed optimizations.
1255
1256  Java
1257  * writeTo() method in ByteString can now write a substring to an
1258    output stream. Added endWith() method for ByteString.
1259  * ByteString and ByteBuffer are now supported in CodedInputStream
1260    and CodedOutputStream.
1261  * java_generate_equals_and_hash can now be used with the LITE_RUNTIME.
1262
1263  Python
1264  * A new C++-backed extension module (aka "cpp api v2") that replaces the
1265    old ("cpp api v1") one.  Much faster than the pure Python code.  This one
1266    resolves many bugs and is recommended for general use over the
1267    pure Python when possible.
1268  * Descriptors now have enum_types_by_name and extension_types_by_name dict
1269    attributes.
1270  * Support for Python 3.
1271
12722013-02-27 version 2.5.0:
1273
1274  General
1275  * New notion "import public" that allows a proto file to forward the content
1276    it imports to its importers. For example,
1277      // foo.proto
1278      import public "bar.proto";
1279      import "baz.proto";
1280
1281      // qux.proto
1282      import "foo.proto";
1283      // Stuff defined in bar.proto may be used in this file, but stuff from
1284      // baz.proto may NOT be used without importing it explicitly.
1285    This is useful for moving proto files. To move a proto file, just leave
1286    a single "import public" in the old proto file.
1287  * New enum option "allow_alias" that specifies whether different symbols can
1288    be assigned the same numeric value. Default value is "true". Setting it to
1289    false causes the compiler to reject enum definitions where multiple symbols
1290    have the same numeric value.
1291    Note: We plan to flip the default value to "false" in a future release.
1292    Projects using enum aliases should set the option to "true" in their .proto
1293    files.
1294
1295  C++
1296  * New generated method set_allocated_foo(Type* foo) for message and string
1297    fields. This method allows you to set the field to a pre-allocated object
1298    and the containing message takes the ownership of that object.
1299  * Added SetAllocatedExtension() and ReleaseExtension() to extensions API.
1300  * Custom options are now formatted correctly when descriptors are printed in
1301    text format.
1302  * Various speed optimizations.
1303
1304  Java
1305  * Comments in proto files are now collected and put into generated code as
1306    comments for corresponding classes and data members.
1307  * Added Parser to parse directly into messages without a Builder. For
1308    example,
1309      Foo foo = Foo.PARSER.ParseFrom(input);
1310    Using Parser is ~25% faster than using Builder to parse messages.
1311  * Added getters/setters to access the underlying ByteString of a string field
1312    directly.
1313  * ByteString now supports more operations: substring(), prepend(), and
1314    append(). The implementation of ByteString uses a binary tree structure
1315    to support these operations efficiently.
1316  * New method findInitializationErrors() that lists all missing required
1317    fields.
1318  * Various code size and speed optimizations.
1319
1320  Python
1321  * Added support for dynamic message creation. DescriptorDatabase,
1322    DescriptorPool, and MessageFactory work like their C++ counterparts to
1323    simplify Descriptor construction from *DescriptorProtos, and MessageFactory
1324    provides a message instance from a Descriptor.
1325  * Added pickle support for protobuf messages.
1326  * Unknown fields are now preserved after parsing.
1327  * Fixed bug where custom options were not correctly populated. Custom
1328    options can be accessed now.
1329  * Added EnumTypeWrapper that provides better accessibility to enum types.
1330  * Added ParseMessage(descriptor, bytes) to generate a new Message instance
1331    from a descriptor and a byte string.
1332
13332011-05-01 version 2.4.1:
1334
1335  C++
1336  * Fixed the friendship problem for old compilers to make the library now gcc 3
1337    compatible again.
1338  * Fixed vcprojects/extract_includes.bat to extract compiler/plugin.h.
1339
1340  Java
1341  * Removed usages of JDK 1.6 only features to make the library now JDK 1.5
1342    compatible again.
1343  * Fixed a bug about negative enum values.
1344  * serialVersionUID is now defined in generated messages for java serializing.
1345  * Fixed protoc to use java.lang.Object, which makes "Object" now a valid
1346    message name again.
1347
1348  Python
1349  * Experimental C++ implementation now requires C++ protobuf library installed.
1350    See the README.txt in the python directory for details.
1351
13522011-02-02 version 2.4.0:
1353
1354  General
1355  * The RPC (cc|java|py)_generic_services default value is now false instead of
1356    true.
1357  * Custom options can have aggregate types. For example,
1358      message MyOption {
1359        optional string comment = 1;
1360        optional string author = 2;
1361      }
1362      extend google.protobuf.FieldOptions {
1363        optional MyOption myoption = 12345;
1364      }
1365    This option can now be set as follows:
1366      message SomeType {
1367        optional int32 field = 1 [(myoption) = { comment:'x' author:'y' }];
1368      }
1369
1370  C++
1371  * Various speed and code size optimizations.
1372  * Added a release_foo() method on string and message fields.
1373  * Fixed gzip_output_stream sub-stream handling.
1374
1375  Java
1376  * Builders now maintain sub-builders for sub-messages. Use getFooBuilder() to
1377    get the builder for the sub-message "foo". This allows you to repeatedly
1378    modify deeply-nested sub-messages without rebuilding them.
1379  * Builder.build() no longer invalidates the Builder for generated messages
1380    (You may continue to modify it and then build another message).
1381  * Code generator will generate efficient equals() and hashCode()
1382    implementations if new option java_generate_equals_and_hash is enabled.
1383    (Otherwise, reflection-based implementations are used.)
1384  * Generated messages now implement Serializable.
1385  * Fields with [deprecated=true] will be marked with @Deprecated in Java.
1386  * Added lazy conversion of UTF-8 encoded strings to String objects to improve
1387    performance.
1388  * Various optimizations.
1389  * Enum value can be accessed directly, instead of calling getNumber() on the
1390    enum member.
1391  * For each enum value, an integer constant is also generated with the suffix
1392    _VALUE.
1393
1394  Python
1395  * Added an experimental  C++ implementation for Python messages via a Python
1396    extension. Implementation type is controlled by an environment variable
1397    PROTOCOL_BUFFERS_PYTHON_IMPLEMENTATION (valid values: "cpp" and "python")
1398    The default value is currently "python" but will be changed to "cpp" in
1399    future release.
1400  * Improved performance on message instantiation significantly.
1401    Most of the work on message instantiation is done just once per message
1402    class, instead of once per message instance.
1403  * Improved performance on text message parsing.
1404  * Allow add() to forward keyword arguments to the concrete class.
1405      E.g. instead of
1406        item = repeated_field.add()
1407        item.foo = bar
1408        item.baz = quux
1409      You can do:
1410        repeated_field.add(foo=bar, baz=quux)
1411  * Added a sort() interface to the BaseContainer.
1412  * Added an extend() method to repeated composite fields.
1413  * Added UTF8 debug string support.
1414
14152010-01-08 version 2.3.0:
1416
1417  General
1418  * Parsers for repeated numeric fields now always accept both packed and
1419    unpacked input.  The [packed=true] option only affects serializers.
1420    Therefore, it is possible to switch a field to packed format without
1421    breaking backwards-compatibility -- as long as all parties are using
1422    protobuf 2.3.0 or above, at least.
1423  * The generic RPC service code generated by the C++, Java, and Python
1424    generators can be disabled via file options:
1425      option cc_generic_services = false;
1426      option java_generic_services = false;
1427      option py_generic_services = false;
1428    This allows plugins to generate alternative code, possibly specific to some
1429    particular RPC implementation.
1430
1431  protoc
1432  * Now supports a plugin system for code generators.  Plugins can generate
1433    code for new languages or inject additional code into the output of other
1434    code generators.  Plugins are just binaries which accept a protocol buffer
1435    on stdin and write a protocol buffer to stdout, so they may be written in
1436    any language.  See src/google/protobuf/compiler/plugin.proto.
1437    **WARNING**:  Plugins are experimental.  The interface may change in a
1438    future version.
1439  * If the output location ends in .zip or .jar, protoc will write its output
1440    to a zip/jar archive instead of a directory.  For example:
1441      protoc --java_out=myproto_srcs.jar --python_out=myproto.zip myproto.proto
1442    Currently the archive contents are not compressed, though this could change
1443    in the future.
1444  * inf, -inf, and nan can now be used as default values for float and double
1445    fields.
1446
1447  C++
1448  * Various speed and code size optimizations.
1449  * DynamicMessageFactory is now fully thread-safe.
1450  * Message::Utf8DebugString() method is like DebugString() but avoids escaping
1451    UTF-8 bytes.
1452  * Compiled-in message types can now contain dynamic extensions, through use
1453    of CodedInputStream::SetExtensionRegistry().
1454  * Now compiles shared libraries (DLLs) by default on Cygwin and MinGW, to
1455    match other platforms.  Use --disable-shared to avoid this.
1456
1457  Java
1458  * parseDelimitedFrom() and mergeDelimitedFrom() now detect EOF and return
1459    false/null instead of throwing an exception.
1460  * Fixed some initialization ordering bugs.
1461  * Fixes for OpenJDK 7.
1462
1463  Python
1464  * 10-25 times faster than 2.2.0, still pure-Python.
1465  * Calling a mutating method on a sub-message always instantiates the message
1466    in its parent even if the mutating method doesn't actually mutate anything
1467    (e.g. parsing from an empty string).
1468  * Expanded descriptors a bit.
1469
14702009-08-11 version 2.2.0:
1471
1472  C++
1473  * Lite mode:  The "optimize_for = LITE_RUNTIME" option causes the compiler
1474    to generate code which only depends libprotobuf-lite, which is much smaller
1475    than libprotobuf but lacks descriptors, reflection, and some other features.
1476  * Fixed bug where Message.Swap(Message) was only implemented for
1477    optimize_for_speed.  Swap now properly implemented in both modes
1478    (Issue 91).
1479  * Added RemoveLast and SwapElements(index1, index2) to Reflection
1480    interface for repeated elements.
1481  * Added Swap(Message) to Reflection interface.
1482  * Floating-point literals in generated code that are intended to be
1483    single-precision now explicitly have 'f' suffix to avoid pedantic warnings
1484    produced by some compilers.
1485  * The [deprecated=true] option now causes the C++ code generator to generate
1486    a GCC-style deprecation annotation (no-op on other compilers).
1487  * google::protobuf::GetEnumDescriptor<SomeGeneratedEnumType>() returns the
1488    EnumDescriptor for that type -- useful for templates which cannot call
1489    SomeGeneratedEnumType_descriptor().
1490  * Various optimizations and obscure bug fixes.
1491
1492  Java
1493  * Lite mode:  The "optimize_for = LITE_RUNTIME" option causes the compiler
1494    to generate code which only depends libprotobuf-lite, which is much smaller
1495    than libprotobuf but lacks descriptors, reflection, and some other features.
1496  * Lots of style cleanups.
1497
1498  Python
1499  * Fixed endianness bug with floats and doubles.
1500  * Text format parsing support.
1501  * Fix bug with parsing packed repeated fields in embedded messages.
1502  * Ability to initialize fields by passing keyword args to constructor.
1503  * Support iterators in extend and __setslice__ for containers.
1504
15052009-05-13 version 2.1.0:
1506
1507  General
1508  * Repeated fields of primitive types (types other that string, group, and
1509    nested messages) may now use the option [packed = true] to get a more
1510    efficient encoding.  In the new encoding, the entire list is written
1511    as a single byte blob using the "length-delimited" wire type.  Within
1512    this blob, the individual values are encoded the same way they would
1513    be normally except without a tag before each value (thus, they are
1514    tightly "packed").
1515  * For each field, the generated code contains an integer constant assigned
1516    to the field number.  For example, the .proto file:
1517      message Foo { optional int bar_baz = 123; }
1518    would generate the following constants, all with the integer value 123:
1519      C++:     Foo::kBarBazFieldNumber
1520      Java:    Foo.BAR_BAZ_FIELD_NUMBER
1521      Python:  Foo.BAR_BAZ_FIELD_NUMBER
1522    Constants are also generated for extensions, with the same naming scheme.
1523    These constants may be used as switch cases.
1524  * Updated bundled Google Test to version 1.3.0.  Google Test is now bundled
1525    in its verbatim form as a nested autoconf package, so you can drop in any
1526    other version of Google Test if needed.
1527  * optimize_for = SPEED is now the default, by popular demand.  Use
1528    optimize_for = CODE_SIZE if code size is more important in your app.
1529  * It is now an error to define a default value for a repeated field.
1530    Previously, this was silently ignored (it had no effect on the generated
1531    code).
1532  * Fields can now be marked deprecated like:
1533      optional int32 foo = 1 [deprecated = true];
1534    Currently this does not have any actual effect, but in the future the code
1535    generators may generate deprecation annotations in each language.
1536  * Cross-compiling should now be possible using the --with-protoc option to
1537    configure.  See README.txt for more info.
1538
1539  protoc
1540  * --error_format=msvs option causes errors to be printed in Visual Studio
1541    format, which should allow them to be clicked on in the build log to go
1542    directly to the error location.
1543  * The type name resolver will no longer resolve type names to fields.  For
1544    example, this now works:
1545      message Foo {}
1546      message Bar {
1547        optional int32 Foo = 1;
1548        optional Foo baz = 2;
1549      }
1550    Previously, the type of "baz" would resolve to "Bar.Foo", and you'd get
1551    an error because Bar.Foo is a field, not a type.  Now the type of "baz"
1552    resolves to the message type Foo.  This change is unlikely to make a
1553    difference to anyone who follows the Protocol Buffers style guide.
1554
1555  C++
1556  * Several optimizations, including but not limited to:
1557    - Serialization, especially to flat arrays, is 10%-50% faster, possibly
1558      more for small objects.
1559    - Several descriptor operations which previously required locking no longer
1560      do.
1561    - Descriptors are now constructed lazily on first use, rather than at
1562      process startup time.  This should save memory in programs which do not
1563      use descriptors or reflection.
1564    - UnknownFieldSet completely redesigned to be more efficient (especially in
1565      terms of memory usage).
1566    - Various optimizations to reduce code size (though the serialization speed
1567      optimizations increased code size).
1568  * Message interface has method ParseFromBoundedZeroCopyStream() which parses
1569    a limited number of bytes from an input stream rather than parsing until
1570    EOF.
1571  * GzipInputStream and GzipOutputStream support reading/writing gzip- or
1572    zlib-compressed streams if zlib is available.
1573    (google/protobuf/io/gzip_stream.h)
1574  * DescriptorPool::FindAllExtensions() and corresponding
1575    DescriptorDatabase::FindAllExtensions() can be used to enumerate all
1576    extensions of a given type.
1577  * For each enum type Foo, protoc will generate functions:
1578      const string& Foo_Name(Foo value);
1579      bool Foo_Parse(const string& name, Foo* result);
1580    The former returns the name of the enum constant corresponding to the given
1581    value while the latter finds the value corresponding to a name.
1582  * RepeatedField and RepeatedPtrField now have back-insertion iterators.
1583  * String fields now have setters that take a char* and a size, in addition
1584    to the existing ones that took char* or const string&.
1585  * DescriptorPool::AllowUnknownDependencies() may be used to tell
1586    DescriptorPool to create placeholder descriptors for unknown entities
1587    referenced in a FileDescriptorProto.  This can allow you to parse a .proto
1588    file without having access to other .proto files that it imports, for
1589    example.
1590  * Updated gtest to latest version.  The gtest package is now included as a
1591    nested autoconf package, so it should be able to drop new versions into the
1592    "gtest" subdirectory without modification.
1593
1594  Java
1595  * Fixed bug where Message.mergeFrom(Message) failed to merge extensions.
1596  * Message interface has new method toBuilder() which is equivalent to
1597    newBuilderForType().mergeFrom(this).
1598  * All enums now implement the ProtocolMessageEnum interface.
1599  * Setting a field to null now throws NullPointerException.
1600  * Fixed tendency for TextFormat's parsing to overflow the stack when
1601    parsing large string values.  The underlying problem is with Java's
1602    regex implementation (which unfortunately uses recursive backtracking
1603    rather than building an NFA).  Worked around by making use of possessive
1604    quantifiers.
1605  * Generated service classes now also generate pure interfaces.  For a service
1606    Foo, Foo.Interface is a pure interface containing all of the service's
1607    defined methods.  Foo.newReflectiveService() can be called to wrap an
1608    instance of this interface in a class that implements the generic
1609    RpcService interface, which provides reflection support that is usually
1610    needed by RPC server implementations.
1611  * RPC interfaces now support blocking operation in addition to non-blocking.
1612    The protocol compiler generates separate blocking and non-blocking stubs
1613    which operate against separate blocking and non-blocking RPC interfaces.
1614    RPC implementations will have to implement the new interfaces in order to
1615    support blocking mode.
1616  * New I/O methods parseDelimitedFrom(), mergeDelimitedFrom(), and
1617    writeDelimitedTo() read and write "delimited" messages from/to a stream,
1618    meaning that the message size precedes the data.  This way, you can write
1619    multiple messages to a stream without having to worry about delimiting
1620    them yourself.
1621  * Throw a more descriptive exception when build() is double-called.
1622  * Add a method to query whether CodedInputStream is at the end of the input
1623    stream.
1624  * Add a method to reset a CodedInputStream's size counter; useful when
1625    reading many messages with the same stream.
1626  * equals() and hashCode() now account for unknown fields.
1627
1628  Python
1629  * Added slicing support for repeated scalar fields. Added slice retrieval and
1630    removal of repeated composite fields.
1631  * Updated RPC interfaces to allow for blocking operation.  A client may
1632    now pass None for a callback when making an RPC, in which case the
1633    call will block until the response is received, and the response
1634    object will be returned directly to the caller.  This interface change
1635    cannot be used in practice until RPC implementations are updated to
1636    implement it.
1637  * Changes to input_stream.py should make protobuf compatible with appengine.
1638
16392008-11-25 version 2.0.3:
1640
1641  protoc
1642  * Enum values may now have custom options, using syntax similar to field
1643    options.
1644  * Fixed bug where .proto files which use custom options but don't actually
1645    define them (i.e. they import another .proto file defining the options)
1646    had to explicitly import descriptor.proto.
1647  * Adjacent string literals in .proto files will now be concatenated, like in
1648    C.
1649  * If an input file is a Windows absolute path (e.g. "C:\foo\bar.proto") and
1650    the import path only contains "." (or contains "." but does not contain
1651    the file), protoc incorrectly thought that the file was under ".", because
1652    it thought that the path was relative (since it didn't start with a slash).
1653    This has been fixed.
1654
1655  C++
1656  * Generated message classes now have a Swap() method which efficiently swaps
1657    the contents of two objects.
1658  * All message classes now have a SpaceUsed() method which returns an estimate
1659    of the number of bytes of allocated memory currently owned by the object.
1660    This is particularly useful when you are reusing a single message object
1661    to improve performance but want to make sure it doesn't bloat up too large.
1662  * New method Message::SerializeAsString() returns a string containing the
1663    serialized data.  May be more convenient than calling
1664    SerializeToString(string*).
1665  * In debug mode, log error messages when string-type fields are found to
1666    contain bytes that are not valid UTF-8.
1667  * Fixed bug where a message with multiple extension ranges couldn't parse
1668    extensions.
1669  * Fixed bug where MergeFrom(const Message&) didn't do anything if invoked on
1670    a message that contained no fields (but possibly contained extensions).
1671  * Fixed ShortDebugString() to not be O(n^2).  Durr.
1672  * Fixed crash in TextFormat parsing if the first token in the input caused a
1673    tokenization error.
1674  * Fixed obscure bugs in zero_copy_stream_impl.cc.
1675  * Added support for HP C++ on Tru64.
1676  * Only build tests on "make check", not "make".
1677  * Fixed alignment issue that caused crashes when using DynamicMessage on
1678    64-bit Sparc machines.
1679  * Simplify template usage to work with MSVC 2003.
1680  * Work around GCC 4.3.x x86_64 compiler bug that caused crashes on startup.
1681    (This affected Fedora 9 in particular.)
1682  * Now works on "Solaris 10 using recent Sun Studio".
1683
1684  Java
1685  * New overload of mergeFrom() which parses a slice of a byte array instead
1686    of the whole thing.
1687  * New method ByteString.asReadOnlyByteBuffer() does what it sounds like.
1688  * Improved performance of isInitialized() when optimizing for code size.
1689
1690  Python
1691  * Corrected ListFields() signature in Message base class to match what
1692    subclasses actually implement.
1693  * Some minor refactoring.
1694  * Don't pass self as first argument to superclass constructor (no longer
1695    allowed in Python 2.6).
1696
16972008-09-29 version 2.0.2:
1698
1699  General
1700  * License changed from Apache 2.0 to 3-Clause BSD.
1701  * It is now possible to define custom "options", which are basically
1702    annotations which may be placed on definitions in a .proto file.
1703    For example, you might define a field option called "foo" like so:
1704      import "google/protobuf/descriptor.proto"
1705      extend google.protobuf.FieldOptions {
1706        optional string foo = 12345;
1707      }
1708    Then you annotate a field using the "foo" option:
1709      message MyMessage {
1710        optional int32 some_field = 1 [(foo) = "bar"]
1711      }
1712    The value of this option is then visible via the message's
1713    Descriptor:
1714      const FieldDescriptor* field =
1715        MyMessage::descriptor()->FindFieldByName("some_field");
1716      assert(field->options().GetExtension(foo) == "bar");
1717    This feature has been implemented and tested in C++ and Java.
1718    Other languages may or may not need to do extra work to support
1719    custom options, depending on how they construct descriptors.
1720
1721  C++
1722  * Fixed some GCC warnings that only occur when using -pedantic.
1723  * Improved static initialization code, making ordering more
1724    predictable among other things.
1725  * TextFormat will no longer accept messages which contain multiple
1726    instances of a singular field.  Previously, the latter instance
1727    would overwrite the former.
1728  * Now works on systems that don't have hash_map.
1729
1730  Java
1731  * Print @Override annotation in generated code where appropriate.
1732
1733  Python
1734  * Strings now use the "unicode" type rather than the "str" type.
1735    String fields may still be assigned ASCII "str" values; they will
1736    automatically be converted.
1737  * Adding a property to an object representing a repeated field now
1738    raises an exception.  For example:
1739      # No longer works (and never should have).
1740      message.some_repeated_field.foo = 1
1741
1742  Windows
1743  * We now build static libraries rather than DLLs by default on MSVC.
1744    See vsprojects/readme.txt for more information.
1745
17462008-08-15 version 2.0.1:
1747
1748  protoc
1749  * New flags --encode and --decode can be used to convert between protobuf text
1750    format and binary format from the command-line.
1751  * New flag --descriptor_set_out can be used to write FileDescriptorProtos for
1752    all parsed files directly into a single output file.  This is particularly
1753    useful if you wish to parse .proto files from programs written in languages
1754    other than C++: just run protoc as a background process and have it output
1755    a FileDescriptorList, then parse that natively.
1756  * Improved error message when an enum value's name conflicts with another
1757    symbol defined in the enum type's scope, e.g. if two enum types declared
1758    in the same scope have values with the same name.  This is disallowed for
1759    compatibility with C++, but this wasn't clear from the error.
1760  * Fixed absolute output paths on Windows.
1761  * Allow trailing slashes in --proto_path mappings.
1762
1763  C++
1764  * Reflection objects are now per-class rather than per-instance.  To make this
1765    possible, the Reflection interface had to be changed such that all methods
1766    take the Message instance as a parameter.  This change improves performance
1767    significantly in memory-bandwidth-limited use cases, since it makes the
1768    message objects smaller.  Note that source-incompatible interface changes
1769    like this will not be made again after the library leaves beta.
1770  * Heuristically detect sub-messages when printing unknown fields.
1771  * Fix static initialization ordering bug that caused crashes at startup when
1772    compiling on Mac with static linking.
1773  * Fixed TokenizerTest when compiling with -DNDEBUG on Linux.
1774  * Fixed incorrect definition of kint32min.
1775  * Fix bytes type setter to work with byte sequences with embedded NULLs.
1776  * Other irrelevant tweaks.
1777
1778  Java
1779  * Fixed UnknownFieldSet's parsing of varints larger than 32 bits.
1780  * Fixed TextFormat's parsing of "inf" and "nan".
1781  * Fixed TextFormat's parsing of comments.
1782  * Added info to Java POM that will be required when we upload the
1783    package to a Maven repo.
1784
1785  Python
1786  * MergeFrom(message) and CopyFrom(message) are now implemented.
1787  * SerializeToString() raises an exception if the message is missing required
1788    fields.
1789  * Code organization improvements.
1790  * Fixed doc comments for RpcController and RpcChannel, which had somehow been
1791    swapped.
1792  * Fixed text_format_test on Windows where floating-point exponents sometimes
1793    contain extra zeros.
1794  * Fix Python service CallMethod() implementation.
1795
1796  Other
1797  * Improved readmes.
1798  * VIM syntax highlighting improvements.
1799
18002008-07-07 version 2.0.0:
1801
1802  * First public release.
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