///
///    This file is part of ILNumerics Community Edition.
///
///    ILNumerics Community Edition - high performance computing for applications.
///    Copyright (C) 2006 - 2012 Haymo Kutschbach, http://ilnumerics.net
///
///    ILNumerics Community Edition is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
///    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 as published by
///    the Free Software Foundation.
///
///    ILNumerics Community Edition is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
///    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
///    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
///    GNU General Public License for more details.
///
///    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
///    along with ILNumerics Community Edition. See the file License.txt in the root
///    of your distribution package. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
///
///    In addition this software uses the following components and/or licenses: 
///
///    =================================================================================
///    The Open Toolkit Library License
///    
///    Copyright (c) 2006 - 2009 the Open Toolkit library.
///    
///    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
///    of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
///    in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to 
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///
///    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
///    copies or substantial portions of the Software.
///
///    =================================================================================
///    

using System;
using System.Text; 
using ILNumerics.Storage; 
using ILNumerics.Exceptions;
using System.Collections.Generic; 

namespace ILNumerics {
    /// <summary>
    /// ILCell: container class holding and managing arbitrary array objects 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// ILCell acts as general purpose container. It stores arbitrary arrays of arbitrary element type. 
    /// Read and write access to cells provide value semantics - changes on arrays stored inside/ and 
    /// retrieved from a cell cannot change the corresponding original array. 
    /// </remarks>
    [Serializable]
    public sealed class ILCell : ILBaseCell {

        private static readonly bool s_isTempArray = false; 

        #region constructors
        /// <summary>
        /// Create cell object with pre-created data in specified dimensions 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">predefined element data array, will be used for new cell (no copy will be made)</param>
        /// <param name="size">size of the new cell</param>
        /// <remarks>object array data will directly be used for storage. No 
        /// copy will be made. However, any arrays referenced by data are dereferenced for storage inside the cell. The size must match prod(size)</remarks>
        [Obsolete("use <see cref='ILNumerics.ILMath.cell'/> instead!")]
        internal ILCell(ILStorage[] data, params int[] size)
            : base(new ILCellStorage(data, new ILSize(size)), s_isTempArray) {
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Create cell object with pre-created data in specified dimensions 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">predefined element data array, will be used for new cell (no copy will be made)</param>
        /// <param name="size">size of the new cell</param>
        /// <remarks>object array data will directly be used for storage. No 
        /// copy will be made. However, any arrays referenced by data are dereferenced for storage inside the cell. The size must match prod(size)</remarks>
        [Obsolete("use <see cref='ILNumerics.ILMath.cell'/> instead!")]
        internal ILCell(ILStorage[] data, ILSize size)
            : base(new ILCellStorage(data, size), s_isTempArray) {
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// [deprecated] create new cell object, elements will be 'null' 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="size">dimension sizes of the new cell</param>
        /// <remarks><para>After creation, the cell elements can be set by use 
        /// of the indexer methods or by using corresponding methods of ILCell like SetValue()</para>
        /// <para>Consider using <see cref="M:ILNumerics.ILMath.cell()"/> in order to create 
        /// cell arrays.</para></remarks>
        /// <seealso cref="P:ILNumerics.ILCell.Item(System.Int32[])"/>
        /// <seealso cref="P:ILNumerics.ILCell.Item(ILNumerics.ILBaseArray[])"/>
        /// <seealso cref="ILNumerics.ILBaseCell.GetArray{_T}(ILNumerics.ILBaseArray[])"/>
        [Obsolete("use <see cref='ILNumerics.ILMath.cell(ILSize)'/> instead!")]
        public ILCell(params int[] size)
            : base(new ILCellStorage(new ILStorage[prod(size)], new ILSize(size)), s_isTempArray) {  }

        internal ILCell(ILCellStorage cellStorage)
            : base(cellStorage, s_isTempArray) { }

        [Obsolete("use <see cref='ILNumerics.ILMath.cell'/> instead!")]
        internal ILCell(ILSize size, params ILStorage[] values)
            : base(new ILCellStorage(values, size), s_isTempArray) { }

        #endregion constructors

        #region properties
        /// <summary>
        /// Replace the elements of this array with another array's elements, preventing memory leaks
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">New array</param>
        public ILRetCell a {
            set { Assign(value); }
            get { return this.C; }
        }
        #endregion

        #region implicit casts
        
        #region constructional operators
        //public static implicit operator ILCell(double value) {
        //    return createScalar(value); 
        //}
        //public static implicit operator ILCell(float value) {
        //    return createScalar(value); 
        //}
        //public static implicit operator ILCell(byte value) {
        //    return createScalar(value); 
        //}
        //public static implicit operator ILCell(int[] value) {
        //    return createArray(value); 
        //}
        #endregion

        #region conversional operators
        /// <summary>
        /// Convert temporary cell to persistent cell
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="A">Temporary cell</param>
        /// <returns>Persistent cell</returns>
        public static implicit operator ILCell(ILRetCell A) {
            if (object.Equals(A, null))
                return null;
            ILCell ret = new ILCell((ILCellStorage)A.GiveStorageAwayOrClone());
            ILScope.Context.RegisterArray(ret);
            return ret;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Convert input parameter cell to persistent cell
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="A">Input parameter cell</param>
        /// <returns>Persistent cell</returns>
        public static implicit operator ILCell(ILInCell A) {
            if (object.Equals(A, null))
                return null;
            ILCell ret = new ILCell(new ILCellStorage(
                A.Storage.GetDataArray(), A.Size));
            ILScope.Context.RegisterArray(ret);
            return ret;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Convert output parameter cell to persistent cell
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="A">Output parameter cell</param>
        /// <returns>Persistent cell</returns>
        public static implicit operator ILCell(ILOutCell A) {
            if (object.Equals(A, null))
                return null;
            ILCell ret = new ILCell(new ILCellStorage(
                A.Storage.GetDataArray(), A.Size));
            ILScope.Context.RegisterArray(ret);
            return ret;
        }
        #endregion

        #endregion

        #region helper functions
        internal static long prod(int[] sizes) {
            int ret = 1;
            for (int i = 0; i < sizes.Length; i++)
                ret *= sizes[i];
            return ret;
        }
        #endregion helper functions

        #region public interface 
        /// <summary>
        /// Replaces storage of this array with new array elements, registers this array for out-of-scope disposal
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">New array</param>
        public void Assign(ILRetCell value) {
            if (!IsDisposed)
                Storage.Dispose();
            m_storage = value.GiveStorageAwayOrClone();
            //ILScope.Context.RegisterArray(this);  
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Set single element of the cell
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The new value</param>
        /// <param name="idx">Indices specifying the location to set the element to</param>
        /// <remarks>The function supports the following features: 
        /// <list type="bullet">
        /// <item>Automatic expansion of the cell, when addressing an element outside of the cells size limits.</item>
        /// <item>Before storing the new element into the cell, an old element may existing on the same location gets disposed.</item>
        /// <item>A clone of the new value is stored, therefore, none of the source and the stored element are altered, whenever the other cell is altered (value semantics).</item>
        /// <item>The function supports deep index addressing. This is the only way of altering array elements inside the cell - without recreation.</item>
        /// </list>
        /// <para>Removal of parts of the cell is <b>not</b> supported. If null or an empty array is provided as <paramref name="value"/>, the corresponding 
        /// element is overwritten or removed.</para>
        /// </remarks>
        public void SetValue(ILBaseArray value, params int[] idx) {
            using (ILScope.Enter(value)) {
                Storage.SetValueTyped(value.Storage, idx);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Set single element of the cell
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The new value</param>
        /// <param name="idx">Indices specifying the location to set the element to</param>
        /// <remarks>The function supports the following features: 
        /// <list type="bullet">
        /// <item>Automatic expansion of the cell, when addressing an element outside of the cells size limits.</item>
        /// <item>Before storing the new element into the cell, an old element may existing on the same location gets disposed.</item>
        /// <item>A clone of the new value is stored, therefore, none of the source and the stored element are altered, whenever the other cell is altered (value semantics).</item>
        /// <item>The function supports deep index addressing. This is the only way of altering array elements inside the cell - without recreation.</item>
        /// </list>
        /// <para>Removal of parts of the cell is <b>not</b> supported. If null or an empty array is provided as <paramref name="value"/>, the corresponding 
        /// element is overwritten or removed.</para>
        /// </remarks>
        internal void SetValue(ILStorage value, params int[] idx) {
            Storage.SetValueTyped(value, idx);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Alter range of this array
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">Array with new values</param>
        /// <param name="range">Range specification</param>
        /// <remarks>All common array modification/ reshaping/ removing/ expansion rules apply.
        /// <para>Like for almost all operations on cell, the values stored in the cell are 
        /// not connected to the original cell elements outside the cell (value semantics).</para></remarks>
        public void SetRange(ILInCell value, params ILBaseArray[] range) {
            using (ILScope.Enter(range))
            using (ILScope.Enter(value)) {
                if (Object.ReferenceEquals(value, null)) {
                    Storage.IndexSubrange(null, range);
                } else {
                    Storage.IndexSubrange((ILCellStorage)value.Storage.Clone(), range);
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region Index access
        /// <summary>
        /// Get/set/remove single element 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <paramref name="indices" value="Index to element"/>
        /// <value>Inner element, new inner element or null</value>
        /// <remarks>The type of access depends on the length of indices. If indices contains only one element, 
        /// the array will be accessed via sequential index access. This is sometimes called referred to as 'linear' 
        /// index addressing. 
        /// Sequential index access reflects the index of internal storage the way the data are actually organized 
        /// in memory. This access method is mainly convinient for vectors where you are not interested of orientation.
        /// The following example demonstrates sequential index access for ILArray's (which also holds for ILCells): 
        /// <example>For <c>
        /// ILArray&lt;double&gt; A = ILMath.counter(1,12);</c>, <c>A[2]</c> gives: 3.0.
        /// But the transpose 
        /// <c>A.T[2]</c> gives also: 3.0.
        /// For matrices and N-dimensional arrays this holds as well: 
        /// <code>
        /// ILArray&lt;double&gt; A = ILMath.counter(1.0,1.0,3,2,2);
        /// A = 
        /// [1.0 4.0
        ///  2.0 5.0 
        ///  3.0 6.0 
        /// 
        ///  7.0 10.0
        ///  8.0 11.0
        ///  9.0 12.0]
        /// 
        /// A = ILMath.Reshape(A,3,2,2); 
        /// A[10] gives 11.0
        /// A[10,1] gives ILArgumentException -> out of range
        /// A[2,1,1] gives 12.0
        /// A[2,1] gives 6.0 (set trailing dimension to '0')</code></example>
        /// <para>If the element addressed is a ILCell itself, a deep reference to this element will be returned instead. 
        /// I.e. all elements of the ILCell will be recursively replaced with references to itself. Therefore, altering the 
        /// elements returned will not alter the elements contained in the cell.</para>
        /// <para>
        /// <list type="bullet">
        /// <listheader>The type of the element returned depends on the type of the element addressed:</listheader>
        /// <item>For ILArray&lt;ElementType&gt; the array returned will be a clone of the original array.</item> 
        /// <item>For ILCell the ILBaseArray returned is a deep reference of the original elements stored.</item>
        /// <item>For other types the behavior is undefined. (since other types are not implemented yet ;)</item>
        /// </list> </para>
        /// <para>This indexer may also be used for direct access to inner elements of (elements of elements of ...) this cell:
        /// <example>
        /// <code>
        /// ILCell innerCell = new ILCell(2,1); 
        /// innerCell[0] = ILMath.vec(10,200); 
        /// innerCell[1] = new int[] {-10,-20,-30};
        /// ILCell cell = new ILCell(2,1); 
        /// cell[0] = innerCell; 
        /// cell[1] = new string[] {"foobla"}; 
        /// // cell is now: 
        /// // [ILCell,(1x2)] 
        /// //      [innerCell[0], ILArray&lt;double&gt;(1x181)]
        /// //      [innerCell[0], ILArray&lt;double&gt;(1x3)]
        /// // [ILArray&lt;string&gt;,(1x1)]
        /// 
        /// cell[0,0] -&gt; will give innerCell eq. ILCell (1x2)
        /// cell[0,1] -&gt; will give ILArray&lt;string&gt;
        /// cell[0,0,0,1] -&gt; will give innerCell[1] eq. ILArray&lt;int&gt;(1x3)
        /// </code>
        /// </example> 
        /// In the last example above the trailing indices specified make the indexer walk down into the ILCell element and retrieve 
        /// the content of this element. This kind of index access may be done as deep as you want. Just 
        /// append the inner indices into inner elements to the right side of index specification. Addressing inner elements 
        /// this way is the only way to alter elements <b>directly</b> inside the ILCell. </para></remarks>
        public ILRetCell this[params int[] indices] {
            get {
                ILStorage val = Storage.GetValueTyped(indices);
                if (val is ILCellStorage)
                    return new ILRetCell((ILCellStorage)val);
                else
                    return new ILRetCell(new ILStorage[] { val }, ILSize.Scalar1_1);
            }
            set {
                using (ILScope.Enter(value)) {
                    if (!object.Equals(value,null) && value.Storage.FromImplicitCast && value.IsScalar) {
                        SetValue((value as ILDenseArray<ILStorage>).GetValue(0), indices);
                    } else {
                        SetValue((object.Equals(value,null)) ? null : value.Storage, indices);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Subarray access. Get/set regular subarray. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="indices">Address range</param>
        /// <returns>Reference cell array with subarray addressed by <c>indices</c>. </returns>
        /// <remarks>Query access: for N-dimensional cell arrays missing trailing dimensions indices will be choosen to be 0. Therefore you 
        /// may ommit those trailing dimensions in <c>indices</c>.
        /// <para>The indexer may be used for querying or altering single/any elements 
        /// in this cell. <c>indices</c> may contains index specifications for one to any 
        /// dimension. The cell array returned will have the size specified by <c>indices</c>.</para>
        /// <para>Values returned will be reference cells. All elements contained will be 'deep references' created by 
        /// recursively walking downwards the elements and replacing them by references to itself. Therefore altering the 
        /// values returned will not alter the original elements.</para>
        /// <para>The indexer may also be used for removing parts of the cell. Therefore null must be assigned to the range specified by <c>indices</c> (using the set-access). <c>indices</c> 
        /// must contain exactly one dimension specification other than 'full' in this case. This may be any vector-sized numeric ILArray of any 
        /// numeric type. If <c>indices</c> apply to fewer dimensions than the number of dimensions existing, the upper dimensions will be 
        /// merged and the array will be reshaped before applying the removal to it.
        /// <example>
        /// <code>
        /// ILCell C = new ILCell(4,10); 
        /// C[":",2] = null;  // &gt;- will remove the third column (index: 2) from the cell.
        /// C[full,vec(2,5)] = null;  &gt;- will remove columns 3...6
        /// C[1,1] = null; &gt;- will produce an error. Only one dimension can be specified not full! 
        /// </code></example></para>
        /// <para>The general behavior of this access methods is full compatible with the corresponding Matlab/Octave/Scilab access: a(:) = []. </para>
        /// </remarks>
        public ILRetCell this[params ILBaseArray[] indices] {
            get {
                using (ILScope.Enter(indices)) {
                    ILCellStorage elements = (ILCellStorage)Storage.Subarray(indices);
                    return new ILRetCell(elements);
                }
            }
            set {
                using (ILScope.Enter(indices))
                using (ILScope.Enter(value)) {
                    if (Object.ReferenceEquals(value, null)) {
                        Storage.IndexSubrange(null, indices);
                    } else {
                        //if (value.Storage.FromImplicitCast && value.IsScalar) {
                        //    Storage.IndexSubrange((ILDenseStorage<ILStorage>)value.GetValue(0), indices);
                        //} else {
                        Storage.IndexSubrange((ILCellStorage)value.Storage.Clone(), indices);
                        //}
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        #endregion index access

        #region memory management
        internal override bool EnterScope() {
            return false;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}