1 | #region License Information
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2 | /* HeuristicLab
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3 | * Copyright (C) Heuristic and Evolutionary Algorithms Laboratory (HEAL)
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4 | *
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5 | * This file is part of HeuristicLab.
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6 | *
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7 | * HeuristicLab is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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8 | * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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9 | * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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10 | * (at your option) any later version.
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11 | *
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12 | * HeuristicLab is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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13 | * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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14 | * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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15 | * GNU General Public License for more details.
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16 | *
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17 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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18 | * along with HeuristicLab. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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19 | */
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20 | #endregion
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21 |
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22 | using System;
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23 | using System.Linq;
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24 | using System.Security.Cryptography;
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25 | using HEAL.Attic;
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26 | using HeuristicLab.Common;
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27 | using HeuristicLab.Core;
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28 | using HeuristicLab.Data;
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29 | using HeuristicLab.Encodings.BinaryVectorEncoding;
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30 | using HeuristicLab.Parameters;
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31 | using HeuristicLab.PluginInfrastructure;
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32 | using HeuristicLab.Random;
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33 |
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34 | namespace HeuristicLab.Problems.NK {
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35 | [Item("NK Landscape", "Represents an NK landscape optimization problem.")]
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36 | [Creatable(CreatableAttribute.Categories.CombinatorialProblems, Priority = 215)]
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37 | [StorableType("04294537-87F2-4A9F-BC14-7D4CA700F326")]
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38 | public sealed class NKLandscape : BinaryVectorProblem {
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39 |
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40 | #region Parameters
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41 | public IValueParameter<BoolMatrix> GeneInteractionsParameter {
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42 | get { return (IValueParameter<BoolMatrix>)Parameters["GeneInteractions"]; }
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43 | }
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44 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> SeedParameter {
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45 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["ProblemSeed"]; }
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46 | }
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47 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> InteractionSeedParameter {
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48 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["InteractionSeed"]; }
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49 | }
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50 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> NrOfInteractionsParameter {
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51 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["NrOfInteractions"]; }
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52 | }
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53 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter {
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54 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["NrOfFitnessComponents"]; }
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55 | }
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56 | public IValueParameter<IntValue> QParameter {
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57 | get { return (IValueParameter<IntValue>)Parameters["Q"]; }
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58 | }
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59 | public IValueParameter<DoubleValue> PParameter {
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60 | get { return (IValueParameter<DoubleValue>)Parameters["P"]; }
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61 | }
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62 | public IValueParameter<DoubleArray> WeightsParameter {
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63 | get { return (IValueParameter<DoubleArray>)Parameters["Weights"]; }
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64 | }
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65 | public IConstrainedValueParameter<IInteractionInitializer> InteractionInitializerParameter {
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66 | get { return (IConstrainedValueParameter<IInteractionInitializer>)Parameters["InteractionInitializer"]; }
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67 | }
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68 | public IConstrainedValueParameter<IWeightsInitializer> WeightsInitializerParameter {
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69 | get { return (IConstrainedValueParameter<IWeightsInitializer>)Parameters["WeightsInitializer"]; }
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70 | }
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71 | #endregion
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72 |
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73 | #region Properties
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74 | public IInteractionInitializer InteractionInitializer {
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75 | get { return InteractionInitializerParameter.Value; }
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76 | }
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77 | public BoolMatrix GeneInteractions {
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78 | get { return GeneInteractionsParameter.Value; }
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79 | }
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80 | public DoubleArray Weights {
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81 | get { return WeightsParameter.Value; }
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82 | }
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83 | public IntValue InteractionSeed {
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84 | get { return InteractionSeedParameter.Value; }
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85 | }
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86 | public IntValue NrOfFitnessComponents {
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87 | get { return NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.Value; }
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88 | }
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89 | public IntValue NrOfInteractions {
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90 | get { return NrOfInteractionsParameter.Value; }
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91 | }
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92 | public IWeightsInitializer WeightsInitializer {
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93 | get { return WeightsInitializerParameter.Value; }
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94 | }
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95 | public int Q {
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96 | get { return QParameter.Value.Value; }
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97 | }
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98 | public double P {
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99 | get { return PParameter.Value.Value; }
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100 | }
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101 | public IntValue Seed {
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102 | get { return SeedParameter.Value; }
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103 | }
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104 | #endregion
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105 |
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106 | [Storable]
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107 | private MersenneTwister random;
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108 |
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109 | [ThreadStatic]
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110 | private static HashAlgorithm hashAlgorithm;
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111 |
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112 | [ThreadStatic]
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113 | private static HashAlgorithm hashAlgorithmP;
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114 |
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115 | private static HashAlgorithm HashAlgorithm {
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116 | get {
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117 | if (hashAlgorithm == null) {
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118 | hashAlgorithm = HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5");
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119 | }
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120 | return hashAlgorithm;
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121 | }
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122 | }
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123 |
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124 | private static HashAlgorithm HashAlgorithmP {
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125 | get {
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126 | if (hashAlgorithmP == null) {
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127 | hashAlgorithmP = HashAlgorithm.Create("SHA1");
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128 | }
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129 | return hashAlgorithmP;
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130 | }
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131 | }
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132 |
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133 | [StorableConstructor]
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134 | private NKLandscape(StorableConstructorFlag _) : base(_) { }
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135 | private NKLandscape(NKLandscape original, Cloner cloner)
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136 | : base(original, cloner) {
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137 | random = (MersenneTwister)original.random.Clone(cloner);
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138 | RegisterEventHandlers();
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139 | }
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140 | public NKLandscape()
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141 | : base() {
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142 | Maximization = false;
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143 | random = new MersenneTwister();
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144 |
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145 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<BoolMatrix>("GeneInteractions", "Every column gives the participating genes for each fitness component."));
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146 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("ProblemSeed", "The seed used for the random number generator.", new IntValue(0)));
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147 | random.Reset(Seed.Value);
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148 |
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149 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("InteractionSeed", "The seed used for the hash function to generate interaction tables.", new IntValue(random.Next())));
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150 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("NrOfFitnessComponents", "Number of fitness component functions. (nr of columns in the interaction column)", new IntValue(10)));
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151 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("NrOfInteractions", "Number of genes interacting with each other. (nr of True values per column in the interaction matrix)", new IntValue(3)));
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152 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<IntValue>("Q", "Number of allowed fitness values in the (virutal) random table, or zero.", new IntValue(0)));
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153 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<DoubleValue>("P", "Probability of any entry in the (virtual) random table being zero.", new DoubleValue(0)));
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154 | Parameters.Add(new ValueParameter<DoubleArray>("Weights", "The weights for the component functions. If shorted, will be repeated.", new DoubleArray(new[] { 1.0 })));
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155 | Parameters.Add(new ConstrainedValueParameter<IInteractionInitializer>("InteractionInitializer", "Initialize interactions within the component functions."));
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156 | Parameters.Add(new ConstrainedValueParameter<IWeightsInitializer>("WeightsInitializer", "Operator to initialize the weights distribution."));
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157 |
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158 | //allow just the standard NK[P,Q] formulations at the moment
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159 | WeightsParameter.Hidden = true;
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160 | InteractionInitializerParameter.Hidden = true;
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161 | WeightsInitializerParameter.Hidden = true;
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162 | EncodingParameter.Hidden = true;
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163 |
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164 | InitializeInteractionInitializerParameter();
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165 | InitializeWeightsInitializerParameter();
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166 |
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167 | InitializeOperators();
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168 | InitializeInteractions();
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169 | RegisterEventHandlers();
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170 | }
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171 |
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172 | private void InitializeInteractionInitializerParameter() {
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173 | foreach (var initializer in ApplicationManager.Manager.GetInstances<IInteractionInitializer>())
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174 | InteractionInitializerParameter.ValidValues.Add(initializer);
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175 | InteractionInitializerParameter.Value = InteractionInitializerParameter.ValidValues.First(v => v is RandomInteractionsInitializer);
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176 | }
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177 |
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178 | private void InitializeWeightsInitializerParameter() {
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179 | foreach (var initializer in ApplicationManager.Manager.GetInstances<IWeightsInitializer>())
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180 | WeightsInitializerParameter.ValidValues.Add(initializer);
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181 | WeightsInitializerParameter.Value = WeightsInitializerParameter.ValidValues.First(v => v is EqualWeightsInitializer);
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182 | }
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183 |
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184 | public override IDeepCloneable Clone(Cloner cloner) {
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185 | return new NKLandscape(this, cloner);
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186 | }
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187 |
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188 | [StorableHook(HookType.AfterDeserialization)]
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189 | private void AfterDeserialization() {
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190 | RegisterEventHandlers();
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191 | }
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192 |
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193 | private void RegisterEventHandlers() {
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194 | NrOfInteractionsParameter.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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195 | NrOfInteractionsParameter.Value.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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196 | NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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197 | NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.Value.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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198 | InteractionInitializerParameter.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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199 | WeightsInitializerParameter.ValueChanged += WeightsInitializerParameter_ValueChanged;
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200 | SeedParameter.ValueChanged += SeedParameter_ValueChanged;
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201 | SeedParameter.Value.ValueChanged += SeedParameter_ValueChanged;
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202 |
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203 | RegisterInteractionInitializerParameterEvents();
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204 | RegisterWeightsParameterEvents();
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205 | }
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206 |
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207 | private void RegisterWeightsParameterEvents() {
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208 | foreach (var vv in WeightsInitializerParameter.ValidValues) {
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209 | foreach (var p in vv.Parameters) {
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210 | if (p.ActualValue != null && p.ActualValue is IStringConvertibleValue) {
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211 | var v = (IStringConvertibleValue)p.ActualValue;
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212 | v.ValueChanged += WeightsInitializerParameter_ValueChanged;
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213 | }
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214 | }
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215 | }
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216 | }
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217 |
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218 | private void RegisterInteractionInitializerParameterEvents() {
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219 | foreach (var vv in InteractionInitializerParameter.ValidValues) {
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220 | foreach (var p in vv.Parameters) {
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221 | if (p.ActualValue != null && p.ActualValue is IStringConvertibleValue) {
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222 | var v = (IStringConvertibleValue)p.ActualValue;
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223 | v.ValueChanged += InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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224 | } else if (p.ActualValue != null && p is IConstrainedValueParameter<IBinaryVectorComparer>) {
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225 | ((IConstrainedValueParameter<IBinaryVectorComparer>)p).ValueChanged +=
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226 | InteractionParameter_ValueChanged;
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227 | }
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228 | }
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229 | }
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230 | }
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231 |
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232 | protected override void LengthParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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233 | NrOfFitnessComponentsParameter.Value = new IntValue(Length);
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234 | }
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235 |
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236 | private void SeedParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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237 | random.Reset(Seed.Value);
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238 | InteractionSeed.Value = random.Next();
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239 | InitializeInteractions();
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240 | }
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241 |
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242 | private void WeightsInitializerParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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243 | InitializeWeights();
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244 | }
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245 |
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246 | private void InteractionParameter_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) {
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247 | InitializeInteractions();
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248 | }
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249 |
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250 | private void InitializeOperators() {
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251 | NKBitFlipMoveEvaluator nkEvaluator = new NKBitFlipMoveEvaluator();
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252 | Encoding.ConfigureOperator(nkEvaluator);
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253 | Operators.Add(nkEvaluator);
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254 | }
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255 |
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256 | private void InitializeInteractions() {
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257 | if (InteractionInitializer != null)
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258 | GeneInteractionsParameter.Value = InteractionInitializer.InitializeInterations(
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259 | Length,
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260 | NrOfFitnessComponents.Value,
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261 | NrOfInteractions.Value, random);
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262 | }
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263 |
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264 | private void InitializeWeights() {
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265 | if (WeightsInitializerParameter.Value != null)
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266 | WeightsParameter.Value = new DoubleArray(
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267 | WeightsInitializer.GetWeights(NrOfFitnessComponents.Value)
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268 | .ToArray());
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269 | }
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270 |
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271 | #region Evaluation function
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272 | private static long Hash(long x, HashAlgorithm hashAlg) {
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273 | return BitConverter.ToInt64(hashAlg.ComputeHash(BitConverter.GetBytes(x), 0, 8), 0);
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274 | }
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275 |
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276 | public static double F_i(long x, long i, long g_i, long seed, int q, double p) {
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277 | var hash = new Func<long, long>(y => Hash(y, HashAlgorithm));
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278 | var fi = Math.Abs((double)hash((x & g_i) ^ hash(g_i ^ hash(i ^ seed)))) / long.MaxValue;
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279 | if (q > 0) { fi = Math.Round(fi * q) / q; }
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280 | if (p > 0) {
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281 | hash = y => Hash(y, HashAlgorithmP);
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282 | var r = Math.Abs((double)hash((x & g_i) ^ hash(g_i ^ hash(i ^ seed)))) / long.MaxValue;
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283 | fi = (r <= p) ? 0 : fi;
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284 | }
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285 | return fi;
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286 | }
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287 |
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288 | private static double F(long x, long[] g, double[] w, long seed, ref double[] f_i, int q, double p) {
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289 | double value = 0;
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290 | for (int i = 0; i < g.Length; i++) {
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291 | f_i[i] = F_i(x, i, g[i], seed, q, p);
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292 | value += w[i % w.Length] * f_i[i];
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293 | }
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294 | return value;
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295 | }
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296 |
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297 | public static long Encode(BinaryVector v) {
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298 | long x = 0;
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299 | for (int i = 0; i < 64 && i < v.Length; i++) {
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300 | x |= (v[i] ? (long)1 : (long)0) << i;
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301 | }
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302 | return x;
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303 | }
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304 |
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305 | public static long[] Encode(BoolMatrix m) {
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306 | long[] x = new long[m.Columns];
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307 | for (int c = 0; c < m.Columns; c++) {
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308 | x[c] = 0;
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309 | for (int r = 0; r < 64 && r < m.Rows; r++) {
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310 | x[c] |= (m[r, c] ? (long)1 : (long)0) << r;
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311 | }
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312 | }
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313 | return x;
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314 | }
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315 |
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316 | public static double[] Normalize(DoubleArray weights) {
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317 | double sum = 0;
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318 | double[] w = new double[weights.Length];
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319 | foreach (var v in weights) {
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320 | sum += Math.Abs(v);
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321 | }
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322 | for (int i = 0; i < weights.Length; i++) {
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323 | w[i] = Math.Abs(weights[i]) / sum;
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324 | }
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325 | return w;
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326 | }
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327 |
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328 | public static double Evaluate(BinaryVector vector, BoolMatrix interactions, DoubleArray weights, int seed, out double[] f_i, int q, double p) {
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329 | long x = Encode(vector);
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330 | long[] g = Encode(interactions);
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331 | double[] w = Normalize(weights);
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332 | f_i = new double[interactions.Columns];
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333 | return F(x, g, w, (long)seed, ref f_i, q, p);
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334 | }
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335 |
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336 | public override double Evaluate(BinaryVector vector, IRandom random) {
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337 | double[] f_i; //useful for debugging
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338 | double quality = Evaluate(vector, GeneInteractions, Weights, InteractionSeed.Value, out f_i, Q, P);
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339 | return quality;
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340 | }
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341 | #endregion
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342 | }
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343 | }
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